Effect Of Density And Nitrogen Nutrition On Yield And Quality Of Triticale

There were a lot of studies on forage grass qualities aspects, But there were less researches about fertileizer and density effect on biology yield and grain quality in triticale. Aithough there were large production potential in Heilongjiang province, but exploiture of triticale species and cultivation techniques were still lack of researches, this experiment studied on the different types of triticale ecological adaptability to increase biological production goals, focused on the improvement mechanism of yield increasing (that is, agronomic measures), the tiller regulation of varieties, leaf area dynamic change, choose the right variety for the ecological conditions in Heilongjiang, through adjusted density and nitrogen application to increase production of biological, economic output and quality, in order to provide a theoretical basis for popularizing triticale in Heilongjiang province.The experiment was carried on the farm of Northeast Agticultural University in 2007, there were two factors in the experiment: nitrogen application (N) and density treatment (D).Three nitrogen applications were as follow: purity nitrogen for N1 (75kg/hm2), N2 (150kg/hm2), N3 (225kg/hm2). Four density treatments were namely D1 (7.5million basic seedling per hectare), D2 (6million basic seedling per hectare), D3 (4.5million basic seedling per hectare), D4 (3million basic seedling per hectare).split plot design, nitrogen level was main plot, density was subsidiary plot, three replications.The targets under different seeding density and nitrogen application were analysised through field test, the result indicated:1.In the whole growth period, the total number of triticale stems per hectare was increased after the first change in the trend of reduced, from the jointing stage began polarization, ineffective tillers died and the number of stems reduced, colony started get small. In the same nitrogen levels, total stems per hectare increased with density increasing from the tillering to the maturity, but spike rate decreased with density increasing in mature period.Dongnong 5305 has a higher dry matter accumulation at D2N1, D3N2 and D4N3 treatments in different levels of nitrogen nutrition conditions, dry matter accumulation of Dongnong 96026 was highest at D2N1, D3N2 and D3N3 treatments. In the same nitrogen level condition, filling rate of different density showed D3> D4> D2> D1, this indicated that low-density groups have better illumination conditions, and were beneficial to raising grain filling rate.2. Leaf area of single plant of the two varieties has the same trend basically, in the same nitrogen nutrition condition, with the exception of N1 showed D2> D1> D3> D4, and the remaining two nitrogen nutrition conditions showed D3> D2> D1 > D4. changing trend of leaf area index was D1>D2>D3>D4,N3>N2>N1。The functional time of flag leaf were lengthened with groups reducing and nitrogen nutrition increasing.High-density and low-density were not conducive to the increasing of photosynthesis velocity of flag leaf. under different levels of nitrogen nutrition condition, two varieties showed that N2 treatment can be dealt with a higher photosynthetic rate, higher than N1, N3 treatments.Adjusted colony structure by reduce colony size can increase chlorophyll content than higher density, and keep upper level in growth anaphase.SLW of low-density group were higher than that of high-density group, with the increase of nitrogen nutrition, SLW also increased.3. Rare grass yield of Dongnong5305 was higher than Dongnong96026, and the overall trend of Rare grass yield was first increased then declined with the density of population lowed, the tiptop rare grass yield of the two varieties respectively presented to: D3N2 treatment of Dongnong5305 (53 844.4kg/hm2), D1N2 treatment of Dongnong96026 (49 530.0 kg/hm2). the hay yield has the same change trend with rare grass yield, the tiptop value all present to D3N2 treatment, the hay yield tiptop value of Dongnong5305 was 15 480.3kg/hm2, that of Dongnong96026 was 12 514.3kg/hm2. in addition to N1 nitrogen level, D2 treatment attained the highest grain yield under the same level of nitrogen conditions.4. Density and nitrogen nutrition have a greater influence on triticale crude protein and fat content, production, with the nitrogen increased, population density reduced, which present increased then downward, and the lower density and low nitrogen level is conducive to reducing crude fiber content, improve palatability of the feed. so we can improve forage feeding quality through regulate density and level of fertilizer.5. Both density and nitrogen nutrition level impacted on the protein content, the settlement value, starch content. density has not significant influence on wet gluten content, nitrogen nutrition level has less impact on volume weight.Density and nitrogen nutrition have different impacts on physiology index, yield and quality. Reduce density and increase nitrogen nutrition can promote growth and development of triticale, coordinate the relationship of each index, increase yield and promote quality.