Comparisons On The Productivity And Feeding Quality For Triticale,Rye And Oat In Alpine Pastoral Area

This experiment studied the production performance and the nutritional quality of hay in different cutting stages of Triticale wittmack cv.Gannong No.2,rye line C39 and the oat genotype widely planted in Gannan plateau.nutrition quality and silage quality of them were studied at different cutting stagesand different lactic acid bacteria additives.Main results were as follows,（1）The plant height of the three forages was rye line C39（136.40 cm）>oat genotype（123.13 cm）>Triticale wittmack cv.Gannong No.2（102.80 cm）,Number of branches was Triticale wittmack cv.Gannong No.2（102.80 cm）(6093.40 billion·hm^-2)>rye line C39(6034.00 billion·hm^-2)>oat genotype(4716.70billion·hm^-2),Fresh（dry）forage yield were Triticale wittmack cv.Gannong No.2(34.84 t·hm^-2,12.96 t·hm^-2)>rye line C39(30.48t·hm^-2,11.34 t·hm^-2)≥oat genotype(29.41 t·hm^-2,10.30 t·hm^-2).Along with the progress of cutting stage,the averaged hay yield of 3 forages increased gradually and picked at the dough stage(14.89 t·hm^-2).In terms of the interaction of forage species and cutting stages,hay yield(19.31 t·hm^-2)of Triticale wittmack cv.Gannong No.2 at the dough stagewas the highest,which was 6.28 t·hm^-2 higher than that of the rye line C39,and 6.98 t·hm^-2 higher than that of the oat genotype.（2）The averaged nutritional quality of hay for 3 forages was Triticale wittmack cv.Gannong No.2>oat genotype>rye line C39,respectively.Along with the development of plants,the averaged CP content（12.71%）and IVDMD（72.71%）of 3 forages were the highest,respectively,at the heading stage,contents of NDF（52.90%）and ADF（28.92%）were the lowest,respectively,so the averaged nutritional quality of the heading stage was the best.From the interaction of forage species and cutting stages,at the heading stage of Triticale wittmack cv.Gannong No.2,the content of CP（13.71%）and IVDMD（74.31%）was the highest,the ADF content（27.99%）was the lowest,and the nutritional quality was the best;The nutritional quality of rye line C39 and oat genotype at heading stage were higher than other cutting stages;the nutritional quality of silage also reached the same conclusion.From the interaction of forage species,cutting stages and additives,the nutritional quality of silage was the best when Sila-Max was added at the heading stage of Triticale wittmack cv.Gannong No.2.（3）The silage quality of 3 forageswas ranked as follows,Triticale wittmack cv.Gannong No.2>rye line C39≥oat genotype.The silage qualities of the 3 forages at the stages of heading,flowering,filling,and milky is relatively close,which is better than that of the dough stage.In the additive treatment,Sila-Max could increase the lactic acid content in silage,decease the pH value and NH₃-N/TN,so its silage quality is better than that of the Sila-Mix and no additive treatment.From the interaction of forage species and cutting stage,the nitrogen loss rate of triticale silage at the heading stage was low（4.64%）,the pH value（4.11）was low,the silage quality was the best,which is closer to the stages of flowering,filling,and milky;The nitrogen loss rate of the rye line C39 at the heading stage was the lowest（4.37%）,the pH value（4.14）was low,and the silage quality was the best.However,the WSC content（0.98%）was low when the rye line C39 at the filling stage,the silage fermentation is limited,and it is necessary to add an appropriate amount of soluble sugar to prepare silage;The nitrogen loss rate of the oat genotype during the filling period was the lowest（4.20%）,the pH value（4.01）was lower,and the silage quality was the best,which was similar to the silage quality at the heading stage and milk stage.However,it is suggested that the oat genotype should not be silaged directly at the flowering stage.From the interaction of forage species,cutting stages and additives.（4）The comprehensive evaluation showed that the best cutting stage of Triticale wittmack cv.Gannong No.2,rye line C39 and oat genotype in Gannan plateau was the dough stage,and Triticale wittmack cv.Gannong No.2 has the best production performance and nutritional quality while producing the green hay,and its yield,nutritional quality and silage quality of silage were all the best.When producing the silage,Triticale wittmack cv.Gannong No.2,rye line C39,and oat genotype should be cut at the dough stage,and add Sila-Max as additive.The silage quality of Triticale wittmack cv.Gannong No.2 was the best.