Adapatability And Application In Urban Greening Of Maple Introduced Into Shanghai

Most of cultivarsof Acer which has the higher ornamental value is the most important ornamental trees in temperate zone and also is an important street tree.In Europe,United States and Japan,there are far less the maple tree resources than China, and later in development and utilization,but they has reacherd a higher level in collecting,breeding,selecting and utilizating maple resources.During continuous summer high temperatures in Shanghai,the leaves of maple were burned and fallen after withering,which influenced the effect of autumn scenery.Therefore,the adaptability,the changes of physiological and biochemical and morphology indexes after natural high temperature stress in eighte maple cultivars such as Acer rubrum 'Red Sunset',Acer 'Autum Blaze',Acer platanoides 'Princeton Gold',Acer 'Pacific Sunset',Acer platanoides 'Crimson Sentry',Acer 'Norwegian Sunset',Acer rubrum 'October Glory','Acer platanoides 'Royal Red',and the influence of different treatments of fertilization and coverage on its growth have been studies in this paper, which would provide a theoretical basis for popularization and application of landscape planting.(1)During the rising of temperature,the maple improved the ability of high temperature tolerance by increasing soluble sugar and proline content and enhancing SOD enzyme activity.(2)Maple also enhanced the proportion of chlorophyll in photosynthetic pigment in tum advance the photosynthesis by maintainance of the high ratio of chlorophyll/carotenoid,so the ability of high temperature tolerance could be improved.(3)Semi-lethal high temperature of eight cultivar leaves has been determined by measure the relative electronical conductivity at a set temperature 35℃,40℃,45℃, 50℃,55℃using deatched leaves.The results showed that the semi-leathal high temperature of Acer platanoides 'Sunset',Acer rubrum 'Red Sunset',' Acer platanoides 'Crimson Sentry',Acer rubrum 'October glory' reached more than 40℃, and others were abover 35℃.(4)During natural high temperature,the relative electronical conductivity,MDA content,proline content and SOD enzyme activity were continue to ascended, chlorophyll content was reduced,but it is different among various cultivars.The high temperature tolerance has been evaluated by useing a fuzzy clustering analysis,the results showed Acer rubrum 'October glory' and Acer rubrum 'Red Sunset' have higher tolerance,and Acer platanoides 'Royal Red' has lowest tolerance.The results of integrated index were consistent with external performance.(5)The influence of different treatments on chlorophyll content ofAcer rubrum 'Red Sunset' was different.The treatmentâ…¡could be selected while dealing with low concentration,treatmentâ… could be applied while dealing with middle concentration, as well as treatmentâ…¢could be considerated priority while dealing with high concentration.As the same type of fertilizer,the more the fertilizer used the bigger of DBH growth.Morever,the effects of treatmentâ…¡on the diameter at breast height were better under the same concentration conditions.View to enhancing ornamental valus,the effects of treatments on anthocyanins content increased with different degrees,and treatmentâ…¡₁ may be the best way which promoted development with the relative growth rates as high as 99.92 percent.(6)The effect of different coverage materials on the upper soil temperature was significantly better than the lower,the soil sequence was the rough bark＞the medium bark＞the thin bark＞ceramic grain.The different treatment can significantly improve the soil water content,Eh value,and porosity,reduces the PH value and Eh value.The permeability and the capacity of keeping fertilizer and water were enhanced.The changes of soil physical and chemical properties also enhanced the synthesis ability and quantity of chlorophyll,therefore the photosynthesis and biomass accumulation will be strong enhanced.Therefore,it could be extensively applied in urban greening.