Resistance Identification Of Chinese Wheat Core Collection To Powdery Mildew And Scab And Physiological And Genetic Analysis Of Wheat Caltivar CN17

To develop and use resistant cultivars is the most effective measurement controlling diseases.And excellent resistance genetic resource is the basis of development of new resistant cultivars.In the study,219 genotypes consisting of the set of Chinese wheat core collection,were employed to screen the resistance of powdery mildew and scab.The results showed that the 43 genotypes accomplished identification were highly susceptible to scab and no one showed resistance to it.The results of resistance identification to powdery mildew were recorded by 0～4 rank as the infection type.The result showed that 5 genotypes including Wujiangcao, Baimangmai,Xian-nong 39,Huomai,and Muzongzuoga,with 2.28%,exhibited immune;while 7 genotypes including Bainong3217,Bimai26,Sumai3, Dunhuachunmai,Qingchun28,04Luo7616 and Zijiehong,with 3.20%,were iso-immune;18 genotypes being high resistance with infection type(IT=1)and 9 genotypes being moderate resistance.Further analysis showed that the resistance level of the genotypes from Huang-huai area is highest.On the contrary,those from South area of China and Xinjiang area were most poor.The data would be useful to resistance breeding.Rye(Secale cereale L.)chromosome arm 1RS in the wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) genetic background has potential significance for yield improvement in addition to resistance to several diseases.In order to probe the influence of translocation chromosome 1BL/1RS in common wheat,the progenies form a cross between a wheat cultivar AIM9 and a wheat cultivar CN17(have the chromosome 1BL/1RS)were studied in the present paper.Agronomic characters,photosynthesis characters were investigated for the F2 progenies;the chromosome 1BL/1RS was identified by PCR. The results are shown:in the 95 plants of the F2 progenies,80 plants have the chromosome 1BL/1RS,but 15 plants havn't.The agronomy characters of progenies was investigated,results indicated that the chromosome 1BL/1RS could improve the 1000-kernel weight,thus the yield per plant enhanced sharply.The changes of photosynthesis character after anthesis were investigated,results shown that the photosynthesis character(Pn,Gs,Tr)of T1BL/1RS groups is significantly higher than that of non-T1BL/1RS groups except Ci.