Occurrence And Control Of Wheat Powdery Mildew And Head Scab In Funing Region Of Jiangsu Province

Funing is a large agricultural county.The average annual planting area of wheat is 55 thousand hectares,and the total annual yield is about 312 thousand tons.In recent years,there were many varieties of wheat planted in large areas in Funing region,and the resistance of these wheat to disease is weak,and the seed itself carried a large amount of bacteria;at the same time,the amount of wheat planted was large,the management of fertilizer and water wasn't scientific enough,the quality of chemical control wasn't high,the climate was unstable,leading to the occurrence of wheat powdery mildew and scab,serious annual yield reduction of 50%,or even no harvest.When the disease occured,irrational use of drugs further aggravated the disease.Therefore,it is of great significance to control wheat powdery mildew and scab for ensuring stable and high yield of wheat in Funing region.In this study,the meteorological data of Funing region in recent years were investigated,and the occurrence and development rules of wheat powdery mildew and scab were analyzed in Funing area.At the same time,the method of combining improved variety with scientific control was presented,which provided a certain theoretical basis for the control of wheat powdery mildew and scab in Funing region.Then we carried out laboratory internal resistance identification of the main cultivated varieties of Funing region to wheat powdery mildew and fusarium wilt pathogen,measured the antibacterial rate in laboratory of 7 kinds of medicament and 7 kinds of medicament combinations,evaluated the efficacy test of 7 kinds of medicament in field chemical spray control,and measured 9 effects of seed treatment on wheat yield structure before sowing.The main findings were as follows:1.Three wheat varieties,Huaimai 26,Xumai 30 and Lianmai No.8,showed high resistance to powdery mildew,and Huai Mai 29,Jimai 22 and Lianmai 7 showed high resistance to scab.2.The fungicides with good antibacterial effect on wheat powdery mildew were chlorfenapyr,triazolone and cymene;the best control effect on wheat scab was jinggangmycin,diniconazole and triadimefon.The antibacterial effect against wheat powdery mildew was better.The combination of triadimefon + chlorpyridinium and carbendazim + triadimefon;the antibacterial effect against wheat scab was better than carbendazim + three Oxazolone and diniconazole + cymene.3.Field control experiments of seven pesticides against two diseases was studied.The results demonstrated 5%validamycin suspension,15%chlorhexidine emulsifiable concentrate and 25%cymene emulsifiable concentrate had better control effect on the diseased finger 7 d after spraying,but the disease control effect of 15%triazolone wettable powder on the diseased finger 7d after spraying was relatively poor,and the other treatments had general control effects.The two agents of 5%validamycin suspension and 25%cyanide enestrobin emulsifiable concentrate had better control effect on the diseased finger after 7 d spraying,which reached 86.4%and 80.5%respectively,50%carbendazim WP and 12.5%diniconazole WP after 7 d spraying exhibited the relatively poor control effect,only 17.5%and 20.8%respectively.