Growth And Developmental Characteristics And Yield Formation Of Super Hybrid Rice

Eight indica super hybrid rice combinations including Xieyou 9308, II you 602, Guodao 1, Dyou 527, Zhunliangyou 527, Teyouhang 1,Xieyou 527 and liangyoupei 9,and the check hybrid rice Shanyou 63 were grown in field under traditional cultivation and system of rice intensification in 2006. Seven indica super hybrid rice combinations including Xieyou 9308, II you 602, Guodao 1, Dyou 527, Zhunliangyou 527, Xieyou 527 and liangyoupei 9, and the check hybrid rice Shanyou 63 were grown in field under traditional cultivation and system of rice intensification in 2007 to survey the growth and developmental characteristic during the growth period, and the yield components at maturity. The applicability of seven combinations in Sichuan ecological condition was also researched. The results showed as followings:1. Super rice showed the higher yield potentiality. The yield of five super rice cultivars including xieyou 9308, Xieyou 527, Dyou 527, IIyou 602 and Guodao 1 of seven super rice cultivars supplied were higher than the check's. Xieyou 9308 got the highest yield reaching to 8364 kg/hm~2,and increased 15.3% compared with the check. The five super rice cultivars had obvious effect of production increasing, and had fine adaptability in Sichuan ecological condition, so they could be spreaded widely in the field. Because the condition of light and temperature of Teyouhang 1 couldn't be met in Sichuan ecological condition, that extended its breeding period, and had the problem of safe maturity, it couldn't be spreaded in Sichuan ecological condition. Liangyoupei9 and Zhunliangyou 527 didn't have enough panicles, as caused slightly reducing of yield. It was suggested that increasing panicles by agronomy methods to improve the yield potential of these two cultivars.2. The results showed that a higher ratio of productive tillers to total tillers and a larger effective sink capability were the obvious characteristics of super hybrid rice. Increasing effective panicles and adding productive tillers to total tillers was the important way to increase yield.3. The plant height of super rice was slightly higher than the check's. The higher plant height strengthened the lodging resistance capability. The earlier stage period of super rice was longer than the check, which got enough time for accumulating dry matter. Increasing plant height and growing period was benefit to get high-yielding.4. The research on dynamics of LAI showed that super rice's LAI raised quicker at the earlier growth stage, and kept a long time with a higher LAI, and at the later growth stage LAI became the slow-moving descent., that ensured the super rice have a higher dry matter production capacity at the later growth stage, and provided enough dry matter and a long time for the grain filling.The total dry material became higher with the yield increased. There were small differences between cultivars at earlier growth stage about dry matter, but they became significant difference at the later growth stage. The population grow rate of super rice was higher at later growth stage and the production of dry matter was higher than the check, as showed that the matter accumulation advantage of super rice was better at the later growth stage.5. Compared with the check Shanyou 63, the quality of super rice was better in single plant. The content of chlorophyll and the net photosynthetic rate of the flag leaves were higher than the check, especially at the later growth stage. The content of chlorophyll and the net photosynthetic rate of flag leaves of super rice decreased slower than the check. This showed clearly that the leaves of super rice had the ability of resistance to senility. It was also proved from the content of MDA and SOD. Good single plant of super rice provided enough time and material base for grain filling and ensured the yield increasing.6. Compared of population transmittance, the super rice showed that it was better at population quality. The degree of closeness in yield of super rice was far lower than the check, which was beneficial to aeration and photo penetration. The super rice could make full use of the sunlight resource, which might be related to its good plant type.7. System of Rice Intensification (SRI) solved the contrary between single plant and the group. It could obviously increase the yield. SRI strengthened ability of using the light energy, which could exploit the potential of high-yielding. SRI could effectively delay the senescence of rice leaves, which was very important to improve the quality of group at the later growth stage and strengthen the ability of photosynthesis of kernel at pustulation period.