| Because of the advantages of biogas and the demand of the excellent vegetable in china recently, this paper deals with the effects of biogas fertilizer on the yield, quality and soil fertility of eggplant planted on open field, which is aimed at providing the basis of the theories and practices for the safety applications and providing the science basis of choose the excellent soil fertility and optimizing the combination of fertilizer for producing innocuous of the low nitrate and high nourishment quality.The experiment crop on the research is Huaqie number 1. The other experiment materials are yellow parm soil, the biogas fertilizer and fertilizer. The biogas fertilizer is constituted by biogas residue and biogas liquid. Biogas residue is used as the basic fertilizer and biogas liquid is used as the supplemental fertilizer. Chemical fertilizer are mixture of caramide, common cross-calcium phosphate and potassium chloride. According to a given proportion, the experiment sections were arranged according to randomized blocks design of single factor. There are five disposals: A1(no fertilizer), A2(biogas fertilizer), A3(50% of biogas fertilizer and 50% of fertilizer), A4(20% of biogas fertilizer and 80% of fertilizer), A5(fertilizer). Each disposal repeated five times, there are twenty-five sections together. On the contrast experiments on open field of eggplants, the planting and manage measure of each disposal are completely sameness except for the scheme of the fertilization. Though experiment research some conclusions have been reached such as follows:1. The effects on the agronomy property of eggplantThe fastest filtering is A2 disposal form the course that the first flower appeared and days of sustaining florescence; from the growth index as height and wideness of eggplant, the plants in the sections of disposal of fertilization are higher than that without fertilizer obviously. The results of A2 disposal is excellent among the disposals of the fertilizations.2. The effects on the yield and fruits characters of eggplantContrast with the collate, the diversity of all disposals has reached very significance level with the method of multiple comparisons analysis, The diversity among the proposals of A5,A2 and A4 is not significant. From the three fruit characters as average weight, the diameter and length of single fruit, all the observation indexes of proposal A2 are the best, it can be concluded that biogas fertilizer can provide enough nutrient for the fruit growth of the eggplant. Biogas fertilizer can replace the tradition fertilizer for the eggplant growth on open field.3. The effects on the quality of eggplantThe research also focused on the quality of nutrition and sanitation of eggplant. From the results of survey, we can conclude that the highest content of vitamin c and total sugar is disposal A2 and the following are disposal A3 and A4; the lowest content of nitrate is disposal A1 and the following are disposal A2 and A5; the lowest content of heavy metal chromium is disposal A2 and the following are disposal A5 and A4. The results shows that the important function to application of biogas fertilizer, combination of biogas fertilizer and fertilizer to improve the content of vitamin c and total sugar. Moreover, make use of biogas fertilizer can reduce the content of nitrate and heavy metal chromium efficiently.4. The effects on the fertility of soilThe research also focused on the content of organic compound and full nitrogen in the soil. From the results of survey, the content of organic compound of all disposals are reduced compared with the background more or less, the disposal of A2 are higher than the disposals of A4 and A5; form the transformation of the content of full nitrogen in the soil, the disposal of A4 has the max amplitude and the following are disposal A2 and A3. The results showed that the organic compound and full nitrogen are improved in the soil by application biogas fertilizer because of plenty of the organic compound, humus and full nitrogen in it.5. The judgment by synthesisThis paper analyses the multi-layer experiment indexes (the agronomy property, quality, quantity and soil fertility) with the judgment by synthesis, the results shows that the best one is disposal A4 and the following is disposal A2, there is little difference between disposal A2 and A4 with the analyses of judgment by synthesis, therefore, the biogas fertilizer can replace fertilizer on the planting of open field, furthermore, the quality of the innocuous vegetable would be ensured. |
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