| The near-isogenic lines (NILs) of Taigu genic male-sterile wheat of plant height and fertility in wheat cv. Lu 15 were studied on the growth periods, and the physiological effects of photosynthesis of the NILs plants, aiming at searching for the early different protein of Ms2 and Rht10, and whether the overlap between the expressing period of the major genes and the developing maturation period of flag leaves produced some physiological effects on flag leaf and its function. Follows are the major results:1. Based on the exchange rate of 0.18% between Ms2 and Rht10, the fertility-separating population of Ms2+Rht10 Lu15 was enlarged to investigate Rht10 Lu15. And eventually a dwarf fertilizable strain found was identified on its genotype in test, self and back-crossing, which was indeed the material of Rht10 Lu15; meanwhile the homozygote of dwarf Lu15 was also obtained. Furthermore, Ms2 Lu15 has the same progress of growth periods with male parent, but Ms2+Rht10 Lu15 and Rht10 Lu15 are both later for seven days from the period of flag leaf than male parent.2. The treatment of 50ppm GA3 on the seedlings of Ms2+Rht10 Lu15 grains indicated that some seedlings of Ms2+Rht10 Lu15 grains was sensitive to GA3, leggy and feeble, higher for 3-4cm than the others. The identification results of mature plants showed that the seedlings sensitive to GA3 will construct into Lu15, and the insentitive into Ms2+Rht10 Lu15.3. The main increasing period of chlorophyll in NILs flag leaves is from the flag leaf to the heading stage, in which the relative content of chlorophyll rised all long, with the increasing value of 8.385 to 17.328 during the flag leaf to the heading stage, and 2.007 to 4.397 during the heading to the filling stage. In flag leaf stage the relative contents of chlorophyll of the materials with Ms2ms2 genetypes were highly significantly higher than those of ms2ms2 materials (3.979), and those of Rht10rht10 genotypes highly significantly higher than those of rht10rht10 materials (5.268); in heading and flowering stages the relative contents of chlorophyll of the materials with Rht10rht10 genotype were highly significantly higher than those with rht10rht10 genotype with the values of 5.624 and 5.654; in filling stage the formers were still highly significantly higher than the latters with 4.756. All these results showed that the nutrient-transfered effect of Ms2 gene reached to the maximum in flag leaf stage or before, and then minished rapidly; from heading to filling stage the nutrient-concentrated effects of Rht10 gene continuously increased and made the relative contents of chlorophyll of the Rht10rht10 materials were highly significant higher than those of rht10rht10 materials.4. In flag leaf stage the Pn of Ms2 Lu15 was significantly (LSD0.05=1.7062) and highly significantly (LSD0.01=2.2928) lower than those of other materials (-2.700 ~ -1.845μmolCO2·m-2·s-1, follows as the same); in heading and flowering stages the Pn values of Rht10rht10 materials were highly significantly lower than those of rht10rht10 materials(-1.943, -1.197); in filling stage significant differences in Pn existed between Ms2ms2 and ms2ms2, Rht10rht10 and rht10rht10 materials with the values of -2.189, 2.363.In flag leaf and heading stages the Tr values of Rht10rht10 materials were highly significantly higher than those of rht10rht10 materials (0.554, 0.457 mmol H2O·m-2·s-1, follows as the same); in flowering stage the Tr of Rht10rht10 materials was significantly lower than rht10rht10 materials with the values of -0.288; in filling stage the Tr values of Rht10rht10 materials were highly significantly higher than those of rht10rht10 materials (1.156).In flag leaf stage the Gs of Rht10rht10 materials was highly significantly higher than those of rht10rht10 materials (36.973 mmol·m-2·s-1, follows as the same); in heading stage the Gs values of Rht10 Lu15 and Ms2 Lu15 were highly significantly (LSD0.01=39.9805) higher than that of male parent (60.627, 48.573); in flowering stage the Gs of Rht10rht10 materials were significantly lower than rht10rht10 materials (-33.050); in filling stage the Gs values of Rht10rht10 materials were highly significantly higher than those of rht10rht10 materials (98.347~173.950).In flag leaf stage the Ci of Rht10 Lu15 was highly significantly (LSD0.01=27.4176) higher than that of Ms2 Lu15 (28.025μL·L-1, follows as the same); in heading stage the Ci of Rht10rht10 materials was highly significantly higher than rht10rht10 materials (31.0905); in flowering stage no significant differences existed in Ci among the materials of NILs; in filling stage the Ci of Ms2ms2 materials was significantly higher than those of ms2ms2 materials (16.171), and the Ci of Ms2+Rht10 Lu15 was highly significantly (LSD0.01=18.6120) higher than those of other materials (20.889~43.139).The Pn, Tr and Gs values of Ms2 Lu15 in flag leaf stage were highly significantly lower than other materials; and there were positive effects between Tr and Ci, Pn and Gs. In heading stage the Pn values of Rht10rht10 materials were significantly lower than those of rht10rht10 materials, and the Tr,Gs and Ci values were significantly higher than those of rht10rht10 materials; and there were positive effects between Tr and Ci. In flowering stage only the Gs of Ms2+Rht10 Lu15 was significantly higher than other materials. In filling stage the Pn, Tr and Gs values of Rht10rht10 materials were highly significantly higher than those of rht10rht10 materials, and there was positive effect among Pn, Tr and Gs. For summary, significant differences existed in the relative content of chlorophyll of flag leaf stage, the Pn and Ci in filling stage between Ms2ms2 and ms2ms2 materials. there were positive or negative significant differences in the physiological effects of photosynthesis between Rht10rht10 and rht10rht10 materials in different periods and parameters; based on the mature and perfect source-current-sink system, the former Pn,Tr and Gs values were highly significantly higher than the latters. And before the filling stage, the regulation of Gs on Pn and Tr was particular focused on respectively, but in the filling stage the regulation boost up to strengthen the exchange of CO2 and H2O between the laminae and the external, and then promote both photosynthesis and transpiration.
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