Identification And Evaluation Of Germplasm Lines Derived From Polygeneric Hybrids

Wild relatives of wheat in a large collection of excellent genes are valuable genetic resources for the genetic improvement of wheat. And polygeneric hybrids can not only evaluate the relationship between different genera(group) in the same genetic background,but also create new germplasms with much fine characteristics from different genus. In this study, seven germplasm lines Shannong 030-1, Shannong 05078, Shannong 05081, Shannong 05083, Shannong 05086, Shannong 05094 and Shannong 05099 derive from polygeneric hybrids,whose agronomic traits ,resistance, cytologic- al characteristics and the composition of HMW-GS are studied in this paper.And cytological analysis, SSR and GISH are used to identify and analyze genetic component of Shannong 05078 and Shannong030-1. Main results were as follows:(1)Germplasm lines Shannong 05081, Shannong 05083, Shannong 05086, Shannong 05099 and Shannong 05094 are immune to stripe rust and highly resist to powdery mildew.The results of cytological analysis show that the chromosome number of Shannong 05081, Shannong 05083, Shannong 05086 and Shannong05099 is 2n=42 and the cytology is stable, which indicates that they are substitutions or translocations. The chromosome number of Shannong 05094 is 2n=56,some cells contain some multivalents, which shows that it is not stable on its cytology.(2)Shannong 05083 is of greater grain hardness, the composition of HMW-GS is 14+15 and 5+10. Flour white is relatively high in Shannong 050- 86. Grain hardness and wet gluten content is higher in Shannong 05094. Protein content is relatively high Shannong 05099.(3)Germplasm line Shannong 05078 is selected from the hybrids of Ttiticum durum Dasypyrum villosum amplidiploid and Am3. Shannnong05078 is immune to rust and highly resist to powdery mildew, the number of chromosomes is 28, configuration of pollen mother cells at MI is 2n=28=14â…¡, it contains higher protein and high molecular weight glutenin quality subunit 7+8,5+10. The SSR and GISH analysis prove that its chromosome composition is AABB, and contain part genetic material from Aegilops tauschii and Haynaldia villosa. Shannong 05078 can be used as resistant and quality sources in the process of genetic improvement of wheat.(4)Shannong 030-1 comes form the hybrids of Jinsong49 and Tritileymus, and it is immune to powdery mildew and highly resistant to rust, which appears well agronomic characteristic. Results have proved that Shannnong 05078 is a 1BL/1RS translocation,whose resistance gene controlled by the single dominant gene and this translocation is different from the others 1BL/1RS translocation lines, perhaps the resistance gene is a new one.The SSR technique is further applied to verify the separation groups of Shannong 030-1/chancellor F2, with specific primers on 1RS testified. The results indicates that primer pairs NOR-R1 on Nucleolar Organizer Region of 1R can show the diversity between resistant plants and susceptible plants, the size of specific segment is about 430bp, which is assigned as NOR-R1430. It could be inferred that its resistance to powdery mildew is relevant with 1RS.