Studies On Transferring Arabidopsis Gene NPR1 And Rice Chitinase Gene Chi11 Into Wheat

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world. Powdery mildew is a severe fungal disease of wheat, and greatly impacts on wheat yield and quality. Studies on molecular machenism of plant disease resistance opened a new approach for plant disease resistance improvement. Disease resistance genes, pathogenesis related protein genes and key signal genes in plant disease resistance reactions may be the aims to be engineering regulated for plant disease resistance improvement. Chitinase gene is a type of defence genes in plant. Chitinases are involved in many plant disease resistance reactions against various fungal pathogens. Chi11 is a chitinase gene cloned from rice. The NPR1 gene in arabidopsis plays an important role in activating various plant defensive responses,including expression of the pathogenesis-related genes and systemic acquired resistance. Both genes were used to improve powdery mildew resistance in wheat. The results are listed as following:1. An over-expression plant expression vector of pAH-NPR1 for monocotyledonous plant was constructed using pAHC25 as a basic vector. The full-length cDNA of NPR1 was inserted into pAHC25 vector. The aim gene was under the ubi promoter.2. The vector pAH-NPR1 was transformed into a new high yield wheat cultivar'Zhoumai 18'by pollen-tuber pathway. Total 25 transgenic plants in T0 generation were obtained through PPT-resistance screening and PCR identification.3. The expression vector of pCAMBIA-Chi11 was transferred into powdery mildew susceptible wheat cultivar"Zhoumai 18"by pollen-tuber pathway. Total 59 Transgenic plants in T0 generation were obtained by PPT-resistance screening and PCR detection. One homozygous transgenic line had been obtained. Powdery mildew of the transgenic lines was evaluated by detached leaf culture, as well as in field. The results showed that the resistance of some transgenic lines was increased significantly. There were no significant differences of agronomic characters between transgenic lines and the receptor cultivar.