Research On Selection Of The New Substrate Proportions And Seedling Technology

This study is using corn stalk and peanut shell in China to fermentate productions, then determinate and analysis the nutrient elements, organic components and physi-chemical characters of the organic substrate; after that, mix the organic substrate with perlite and vermiculite, select superior formulation to do cuttage of Euonymus nanoides,Euphorbia pulcherrima willd and Photinia fraseri, and sowing breeding of Camellca oleifera Abel and Lupinus polyphyll. Screen the prescriptions which could fit for the plants to replace peat, and provide evidence for producing compression matrix in next. The results are as follows:(1) The nutrient contents of the Fermentation Substrate are abundant, the total nitrogen content is a little lower than peat but higher than Jiffy; total phosphorus and total potassium contents are all higher than peat and Jiffy, Especially total potassium contents are 6 times higher than peat and 16 times higher than Jiffy, the content of Fe element is lower than peat, but Calcium element is 6 times higher than peat.(2)On the organic components, the content of hemicellulose, lignin and organic matter are all lower than peat and Jiffy; the content of cellulose and humic acid are higher than peat but lower than Jiffy.(3) The bulk density of the fermentation substrate is higher than peat, the total porosity and water containing pores are lower than peat, the air space is a bit higher than peat; the pH value is higher than peat and Jiffy, but it is acid and fit for plants growth. The EC value is so high that it is 4.53 mS·cm-1, and the plants growth's safety EC value is 2.6 mS·cm-1.(4) Mixed the fermentation substrate with vermiculite, bulk density become bigger, total porosity and air space become smaller, The pH decreases 0.05, the EC value reduces 1.35; after mixing with perlite, bulk density become smaller, total porosity, air space and water containing pores become bigger, The pH value rise 0.8, and the EC value rise 0.79. So, the fermentation substrate mixed with perlite, whose physical properties is improved greatly, but the prominent problem still is the EC value; after mixing with vermiculite, the EC value decreased to 3.18 mS·cm-1, which is still higher than the plants growth's safety EC value.(5)The mixed substrates used in cutting propagation experimental, the results show that: the best whole effect of attacks of Euphorbia pulcherrima willd, Photinia fraseri and Euonymus nanoides are in fermentation substrate﹕ calcium superphosphate﹕perlite=40﹕1﹕20. Through raising seedlings by sowing, it can be fount that, Camellca oleifera Abel in fermentation substrate﹕calcium superphosphate﹕perlite=30﹕1﹕10 is better, Lupinus polyphyllus lindl in fermentation substrate﹕calcium superphosphate﹕vermiculite=30﹕1﹕10 is better.