Study On And Application Of Efficient Coupling Techniques For Irrigating And Fertilizer The Wheat Field

During years from 2005 to 2007, this research was held in farmland irrigational institute of Agricultural Science Academy of China, Xinxiang city, Henan province and its branch research station in Shangqiu.Its main results are as following:1. The height and living quantity of wheat enlarge, approximately,as the amount of water in the soil increase,pull out a stanza period in the wheat,the soil humidity lacks check and supervision wheat a growth;When the soil humidity is in the certain scope,water is fatty to be in conjunction with an effect just obviously,the phosphrus fatty function shows more,being soil humidity is very low,too much apply fertilizer negative function,and hurt farm crop.2. Wheat yield increases as the water supply grows, but the efficiency of water usage gradually decreases.3.Wheat yield shows first an increasing tendency and then a declining one, according to the increase of water and fertilizer, and it reaches its apex when there is 60%--70% water in the soil, and bicarbonate dosage 1500kg/h㎡. The increase effect of wheat yield begin to decrease according to the increase of water in the soil and nitrogen dosage.4. Under water-saving watering condition, there should be 2500 m3/hm2 of water during the whole period of wheat growth according to the soil and seedling conditions. The major principle for fertilization was enough basal fertilizer and fertilization at key stages. 70%~80% of fertilizer could be used in one fertilization and the rest was fertilized during watering or before rain. Under water-saving watering condition, the best dosage of nitrogen fertilizer was ca. 225kg/hm2, and the rationale of N:P2O5: K2O was 1:0.5:0.4～0.5.5. At mediate watering level (40mm per time), when use 75~100kg ammonium bicarbonate and Calcium superphosphate, the yield of wheat could be attained 510~530kg per mu, and the production coefficient of water is 1.52~1.58Kg/m3, which was best models for timing and amount of water and fertilizers.6. The result of demonstration and popularization show that this research has brought a magnificent effect during application. It saves 33% water during the whole process of growing and enlarges wheat yield by 18.5%. Usage of water increases by 49.6%. The nitrogen usage of demonstration field increase by 13%. This research, at the same time, bring an impressive economic effect, and also social and ecological effect.