Investigation On Diseases Of Bambusa Perariabilis×Dendrocalamopsis Daii And In Chishui Of Guizhou Province Biological Characteristics Of Major Diseases

Disease investigations were conducted in Bambusa perariabilis×Dendrocalamopsis daii major nursery section and growth section,Wangnong town,Guandu town,Datong town,Changsha town, Changqi village,in Binan village and so on.Fifteen fungal diseases of Bambusa perariabilis×Dendrocalamopsis daii as Ustilago disease,leaf rust,culm blight,Gibberella disease,stem rot, anthracnose,blast disease,bituminous coal disease,brown patch,ring path,black spot,bamboo shoot rot,stemrot,purple spot and root rot disease were recorded.Studies on the biological characteristic of anthracnose,Gibberella disease,stem rot the three pathogens of the Bambusa perariabilis×Dendrocalamopsis daii and control fungicides selection showed:1.The optimum temperature can promote the mycelial growth and spores germination.The deadly temperature on the mycelial growth of Leptosphaeria sacchari and Colletotrichum coccodes is 53℃,The deadly temperature on the mycelial growth of Gibberella pulicaris is 45℃,that the spores lethal temperature of Leptosphaeria sacchari,Colletotrichum coccodes and Gibberella pulicaris leave respectinely are 53℃,48℃and 45℃。2.pH 5-10 is the best field to the growth of the mycelia of Colletotrichum coccodes;The mycelia of Leptosphaeria sacchari grow best at pH between 6-10;The mycelia of Gibberella pulicaris grow best at pH between 4-10;Alkaline conditions can be beneficial to mycelia grow of Leptosphaeria sacchari and Colletotrichum coccodes,however Gibberella pulicaris can grow both in acid and alkaline conditions,the accommodation ability between Acid conditions and Alkaline conditions is stronger.The spores of Colletotrichum coccodes and Leptosphaeria sacchari germinated best when pH value is 6,but the best pH value for Gibberella pulicaris is 7.3.The mycelia of three pathogens can grow on the different C and N source.The maltose is optimum C source to Colletotrichum coccodes,while L-arginine and ammonium nitrate are the optimum N sources.The glucose and starch is optimum C source are to Gibberella pulicaris,while potassium nitrate and amino acid arethe optimum N sources.The maltose and glucose is optimum C source to Leptosphaeria sacchari,ammonium sulfate and L-phenylalanine are the optimum N sources.4.O₂ is beneficial to mycelial growth and spores germination of the three pathogens,light and alternative light can promote mycelial growth and spores germination of the three pathogens,the ultraviolet light condition are not conducive to the mycelial growth and spore germination of the three pathogens.Different C/N ratios no influence to mycelial growth,spores can not germinate when RH below 93%.RH100%is the best for the spore germination which can be reach the highest rate.5.The study also indicat that the fungicides,such as(10%Difenoconazole,50%Carbendazim,60%carbendazim fosetvl-aluminium gave strong fungistatie action against of Colletotrichum coccodes,Gibberella pulicaris and Leptosphaeria sacchari.The Colletotrichum coccodes of EC₅₀ are 20.14μg/ml,317.03μg/ml,371.05μg/ml,the Gibberella pulicaris of EC₅₀ are 0.033μg/ml,310.88μg/ml,528.98μg/ml;the Leptosphaeria sacchari of EC₅₀ were 4.77μg/ml,442.83μg/ml,439.37μg/ml.The prevention effection is the best of 10%Difenoconazole.