Effect Of Phosphorus On Grain Yield And The Content Of HMW-GS And GMP In Wheat

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of phosphorus on Content of HMW-GS and GMP and yield of Wheat Grains. The field experiment was conducted from 2005 through 2006 at the Experiment Station of Shandong Agricultural University in Taian, Shandong. 2 cultivars, strong gluten cultivar JM20 and weak gluten cultivar SN1391, were compared at 3 levels of phosphorus application rates, 0 kg/ha, 135 kg/ha and 225 kg/ha, respectively. The major results are as following.1 Effect of phosphorus on Grain yield and its componentsIn this study, Grain yield,Spike number,Grain number and Grain weight were improved with increasing of phosphorus application rate in the range from 0 kg/ha to 135 kg/ha. Spike number and Grain weight of SN1391, Spike number and Grain number of JM20 are reduced, while accommodating more phosphorus than 135 kg/ha. Then there is no obvious difference of the Grain yield among treatments. The effect of phosphorus on Grain yield by adjusting the components of Grain yield.The dry matter accumulation of 2 cultivars increased with increasing of phosphorus application rate in the range from 0 kg/ha to 135 kg/ha. Grain yield is major made up of dry matter, which accumulated after anthesis. Accumulate amount of dry matter after anthesis stage and transfer ratio of anthesis stage DW to grain increased with phosphorus application. The effect of phosphorus on Grain yield by adjusting contribution ratio of accumulate amount of dry matter after anthesis stage.2 Effect of phosphorus on chlorophyll content in flag leafChlorophyll content in flag leaf of 2 cultivars increased with increasing of phosphorus application rate in the range from 0 kg/ha to 135 kg/ha. While accommodating more phosphorus than 135 kg/ha, chlorophyll content in flag leaf of JM20 can be increased, but there is no obvious difference with SN1391.3 Effect of phosphorus on Activities of Enzymes Related to Nitrogen Metabolism in Flag LeavesThe activities of NR, GS, EP and CP of strong gluten wheat JM20 were improved with increasing of phosphorus application rate in the range from 0 kg/ha to 135 kg/ha. However, these indexes of weak gluten wheat SN1391 were dropped with increasing of phosphorus application rate from 0 kg/ha to 135 kg/ha in this study. There is no obvious difference on the Activities of Enzymes between P1 and P2,while accommodating more phosphorus than 135 kg/ha.4 Effect of phosphorus on Protein Content of Wheat GrainsIn this study, the protein content of JM20 grains was increased due to phosphorus fertilizer application, although that of SN1391 reduced. The protein yield of 2 cultivars was increased with increasing of phosphorus application rate in the range from 0 kg/ha to 135 kg/ha. There is no obvious difference on t protein content between P1 and P2,while accommodating more phosphorus than 135 kg/ha.Albumin,Glindin and Glutenin of JM20 was increased due to phosphorus fertilizer application, although Globulin,Glindin and Glutenin of SN1391 , Globulin of JM20 reduced.5 Effect of phosphorus on GMP and SGP of Wheat GrainsGMP content and the rate of GMP/Pr of JM20 was increased with increasing of phosphorus application rate in the range from 0 kg/ha to 135 kg/ha, although SGP content and the rate of SGP /Pr reduced. SGP content and the rate of SGP /Pr of SN1391 were improved with application of phosphorus, although GMP content and the rate of GMP/Pr reduced.6 Effect of phosphorus on HMW-GS of Wheat GrainsHMW-GS content of JM20 was increased with increasing of phosphorus application rate in the range from 0 kg/ha to 135 kg/ha, and that reduced while accommodating more phosphorus than 135 kg/ha. However HMW-GS content of SN1391 was dropped with increasing of phosphorus application.The content of HMW-GS coded by Glu-1D locus and Glu- B1 was reduced with increasing of phosphorus application in SN1391. The content of HMW-GS coded by Glu-1A locus and Glu- B1 was reduced with increasing of phosphorus application in JM20. The content of HMW-GS coded by Glu-1D locus was increased with increasing of phosphorus application rate in JM20.Above results suggested that the phosphorus application should be adopted according to the distinguishing demands of wheat cultivars differing in end-uses quality.