The Influence Of Climatic Condition On The Growth And Production Of The Winter Wheat

The experiment was conducted on Changshan burgh of Zouping county from 1995 to 2005,five winter wheats were Lumai No.14,Lumai No.23,Jinan No.17,Jimai No.19,Taishan No.21.Through the experiment about different climate condition to single variety and the experiment about the same climate to different varieties,Reasech the climate factors which affect the spike number,grain numbers per spike,1000-grain weight.The main results are as follows:1.The influence of climatic condition on the young spike differenciation of winter wheatThe winter variety can not through the thermostage,only survives the winter even to turn-greening stage,it can enter the photostage through the thermostage,the apical cone starts to elongate.The weak winter variety which seeds suitable or suitable early,the spikes generally enter the apical cone elongating stage,even to enter an-angle-stage when the winter is wammer, enter two-angle-stage in the last ten days of February,even to enter the female-stamem-anlage-differention stage in the last ten days of March.In recent years the winter wheat turns green early,therefore the weak winter variety should select which through thermostage longer in order to avoid split up early to cause freezing injury.2.The influence of climatic condition on the spike numbers of winter wheatThe negative accumulate-temperature,the extreme minimum-temperate and amount of precipitation in winter,the three climatic factors can cause the winter wheat to suffer the freeze injury,The negative-accumulated-temperate is more,extreme minimum-temperate is lower,amount of precipitation is less, the freeze injury is more serious,spike numbers reduce if the number of the most stem after year is lower than the number of the stem before year,spike number reduce little even does not if the number of the most stem after year is higher than the number of the stem before year.The number reduction degree is decided to wheat split up and growth condition after year.The spike number is about to the growth-time and accumulate-temperature from trun-greening stage to jointing-stage.the winter turns green early,the growth time is long and the accumulate-temperature is more,it can raise spike number,even to achieve the extreme spikes,otherwise the spike number reduces.3.The influence of climatic condition on the grain numbers per spike of winter wheatThe days from the average-temperature of 5 days after trun-greening is first beyond 4℃to the female-stamen anlage differentiation stage is the main element which affect the grain number per spike of winter wheat,the days is more,the grain number per spike is more,the second element is the sunshine hours from the average-temperature of 5 days after trun-greening is first beyond 4℃to the heading stage,the third element is the average minimun-temperature from the average-temperature of 5 days after trun-greening is first beyond 4℃to the booting stage.4.The influence of climatic condition on 1000-grain weight of winter wheatThe test marked the climatic element which effect 1000-grain weight of winter wheat is the day number from floweing-stage to maturation-stage,the average minimun temperature and the average maximum temperature.The day number is more,the average minimum-temperature is lower,the average maximum-temperature is higher(does not surpass 30℃),1000-grain weight is higher,In the three factors,day number is first,the second factor is the average minimum-temperature,the third is the average maximum-temperature. otherwise then 1000-grain weight is lower.The influencing order of every factors to the 1000-grain weight of winter wheat is the day number＞the average minimum-temperature＞the average maximum-temperature.5.The influence of climatic condition on the plant height of winter wheatAs the same soil,fertility,cultivation condition,the accumulatetemperature from trun greening stage to jointing-stage is difference very much,it affect the plant height of wheat.When the accumulated temperature beyond 0℃from trun greening stage to jointing-stag is 200℃,the plant height is shorter about 10 percent than accumulated temperature beyond 250℃.The spike numbers are often few if the plant height is tubby,so prmote growth is the primarily seasure after year,in order to obtain enough spikes and many number of grain per spike.