Physiological Response Of Kyoho Grape To Cadmium And The Alleviation Of Cadmium Stress

The effect of CdCl₂ on the respiration, ATPase activities in PM, the changes of bioluminescence, NO synthesization, the protecting effects of CaCl₂ and NO against CdCl₂ in leaves and and in roots were studied using annual seedlings of Kyoho (Vitis vinifera L.×V. labrusca L.cv. kyoho) grape as materials. Results were as follows:1 CdCl₂ treatment significantly induced accumulation of MDA and the increase of the membrane penetrability in leaves and roots, it also induced the activities of the activities of CAT, POD and SOD.2 0.5 mmol·L-1CdCl₂ significantly inhibited the root activity, induced the total respiratory intensity and cyanide respiration rate, higher CdCl₂ became inhabitation. 0.01 and 0.05 mmol/L CdCl₂ induced Ca2+-ATPase activity, H+-ATPase activity was inhibited in plasma membrane (PM). ATP contents of seedling firstly increased then decreased.3 UWL, fluorescence intensity of seedling leaf firstly increased then decreased. Phosphorescence intensity gradually rose as CdCl₂ concentration increasing,4 0.5 mmol/L CdCl₂ induced NO (nitric oxide) generation. The NO detected in Kyoho leaf appears to be NR-dependent, the two synthetic pathways of NO demonstrated may inhibit each other under conditions of Cd stress.5 The application of 0.5 mmol·L-1 CaCl₂ significantly inhibited the increases of MDA and H2O2 content and electrolytic leakage of PM caused by CdCl₂ treatment, and decreased the inhibition of CAT activity, respiratory rate and the activity of H+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase in PM under CdCl₂ treatment.6 The application of 0.05 mM sodium nitroprusside (SNP, NO donor) markedly stimulated the activity of CAT, inhibited the increases of MDA content and the relative conductance under CdCl₂ stress, and reduced the inhibition of respiratory intensity, H+-ATPase and Ca²⁺-ATPase in PM by Cd.