Studies On Physiological Characteristics In The Different Sweet Cherry Rootstocks And 'Hongdeng/Rootstocks'

The experiment was carried out in Horticultural Experiment Station and Lab of college of horticulture science and engineering, Shandong Agriculture University from March 2006 to January 2008. The photosynthetic characteristics and the influence of various endogenous hormone to the growing trend of'Hongdeng'with four different rootstocks were respectively studied with the CIRAS-I photosynthetic instrument and the liquid chromatography. The cold resistance of the five different rootstocks were discussed by studying the electrolyte exosmosis and the proline content under the different low temperatures, and LT50 of these rootstocks were identified by Logistic equation. The main results were as follows:1. The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate(Pn) in the leave of different'Hongdeng/rootstocks'with four rootstocks was a typical'noon-drop'bimodal curve. The phenomenon was determinately regulated by nonstomatal limit instead of Hongdeng/G5. The Pn was Hongdeng/G18>Hongdeng/G5> Hongdeng/Rus-25>Hongdeng/Da-qingye in order.2. The responsive curves of photosynthesis in the leave of the different'Hongdeng/rootstocks'to the change of photosynthetic active radiation and CO2 concentration could be described with quadratic equations. The light compensation point(LCP) and the light saturation point (LSP) of'Hongdeng'with four different rootstocks were respectively 65-130μmol·mol-1and 770-980μmol·mol-1. The Hongdeng/G5 and Hongdeng/G18 had a higher photosynthetic efficiency in the course of light response. The Hong-deng/ Rus-25 was lower. The Hongdeng/Da-qingye was in the end. The CO2 compensation point(CCP) and the CO2 saturation point(CSP) were respectively 69-112μmol·mol-1and 1090-1430μmol·mol-1. The CO2 efficiency of three dwarfing Hongdeng/rootstocks was higher than the arbor rootstock in the course of CO2 response. The Hongdeng/G18 was higher. The Hongdeng/ G5 was in the second. The Hongdeng/ Rus-25 was lower. The CCP of Hongdeng/G18 was lower but higher CSP, and its carboxylation efficiency and maximal Pn was obviously higher than other Hongdeng/rootstocks. The CO2 saturation point of Hongdeng/Da-qingye was higher , so it could use higher concentration of CO2.3. The growing trend order of the four'Hongdeng/rootstocks'was Hong- deng/G18>Hongdeng/G5>Hongdeng/Da-qingye>Hongdeng/Rus-25. Their endogenous hormone contents in leaves were different. The GA content of the Hongdeng/Daqingye was higher than the three dwarfing Hongdeng/rootstocks, and the GA content was basically consistent with internode distance. The combined action of various endogenous hormone was adjusting the tree body's growing trend. The ratio IAA/CTK was consistent with the growing trend. The ratio CTK/GA was higher, and it might be as the forecast dwarfing rootstocks latent indicaor.4. The electrolyte exosmosis was a important indicators to identify the cold resistance. The change of electrolyte exosmosis of the grey cherry was steady, and the proline accumulation was higher than other rootstocks. The grey cherry of which the cold resistance was better might be used to cross-breezing. The change of both of Gisela 5 and Gisela 18 were closed, and their cold resistance was better than the sour cherry. The Da-qingye rootstock to low temperature was worst. The proline content was irrelative with the cold resistant ability.