Evaluation On Germplasm Resources Of Wild Myrobalan Plum (Prunus Cerasifera Ehrh.) And Its Plantlet Regeneration

The wild myrobalan plum obtained from 47 seedlings at Daxigou, Huocheng County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomic Region of China were studied by tissue culture, S-alleles, Morphological trait,Soluble solids content,Mineral element,Volatile component,etc. The purpose of the study was to acquire basic data for the conservation and utilization of the species.The results were as follows:1. As the combination of plant growth regulators IAA0.4mg.L-1 and 6-BA0.8mg.L-1 were optimal for germination and growth of the stem segment with axillary buds;(2)The best bud multiplying medium which was 3/4MS medium supplemented with IAA 0.5 mg.L-1 and 6-BA 1.0 mg.L-1 and suger 30 g.L-1;2. As the combination of plant growth regulators ZT1.5mg.L-1 and IBA0.05mg.L-1 were optimal for the regeneration of the leaves, ZT was better than 6-BA for plantlet regeneration. (4)The dark was necessary for the leaves to regenerate. The leaves were cultured in dark for 14 days,After 14 days the explants were transferred under light and began to directly regenerate adventitious buds;(5)The optimal rooting medium was 1/2MS medium supplemented with IBA 0.4mg.L-1;3. Using PCR amplication method, the primers(PruC2: 5'-CTATGGCCAAGTAATTATTCAAACC-3';PruC4R:5'-GGATGTGGTACGATTGAAGCG-3')were designed according to the conserved sequence of amino acid of S-RNase. Sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of undigested PCR product showed that four alleles from 45 myrobalan plum strains were distincted from published alleles at the DNA and deduced amino acid sequences level, thereby being identified as new alleles;4. New alleles were named as S1 (511bp) -, S2(787bp)-, S3(1859bp)- and S4(464bp)-alleles, and had been deposited in GenBank(GenBank accession numbers EF638726, EF641276, EF661873, EF661874). S-genotypes of 43 myrobalan plum strains were determined; 5. S-genotype of 43 cultivars were identified, they were showed as follows: S1S2, S1S3, S2S3, S2S4, S3S4;6. The results indicated that considerable genetic variations in these aspects: vertical length, Transverse length, Shape index, Fruit weight, Soluble solids content. Among them, Fruit weight, the variation coefficient of which was the highest(9.13%). As investigated, the shape of the fruit was mainly rotundity, and the color of the fruit were red, black, yellow, mauve;7. Variation coefficient of mineral elements(Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn), which revealed wider variation range and rich genetic diversity. Among them, Fe, the content and the variation coefficient of which was the highest(21.2mg.kg-1 and 26.99%), it has large potential for futher selection;8. Ripe fruit of 12 wild myrobalan plum seedlings were analyzed using head space-solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed considerable genetic variations in these aspects: the total content of volatile components, the classes and contents of each compounds classes, the segregation ratio, and content of main components. There were 83 compounds in total belonging to 6 classes detected in 12 wild myrobalan plum seedlings, including esters, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, heterocycle and Hydrocarbons. Among them, Formic acid, hexyl ester, the content of which was the highest(4.33μg.g-1),was important character impact odors.