Study On The Key Techeniques Which Affect The Yield And Quality Of Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi

Objective: To understand the photosynthetic characteristics and fertilizer- requirement characteristics of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, we studied the ways of propagation,the seedling quality, transplanting time, the ways of cultivation, the technique of flower thinning, technique of fertilization and harvesting time,which affect on the yield and quality of medical material, and provide the reference for laying down standard operating procedure of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi's and good agricultural practice (GAP) base certification.Methods: The morphologic change of plant and the yield of radix scutellariae were surveyed, the contents of baicalin were measured, too, with the knowledge of Phamacentical botany, Cultivation of Chinese herbal medicine, Plant physiology and Pharmacognosy.The net photosynthetic rates were measured with CIRAS - 1. The elements were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The root length, root diameters were measured. The fresh weights of the roots were determined by weighing, and the content of baicalin was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results: Scutellaria baicalensis,s light saturation point was 1302μmol·m-2·s-1, light compensation point was 101.5μmol·m-2·s-1. The diurnal change trend showed a double peak curve. There appeared a typical phenomenon of"photosynthesis midday depression".Scutellaria baicalensis absorbs more potassium and nitrogen but less phosphorous.The yield of medicinal material that cultivated by raising seedling is less than that of button breeding or cutting breeding, the content of baicalin is more than that of direct seeding breeding, and the propagation coefficient is also higher.It is suitable for using bigger and higher quality seedlings in production.The earlier the transplanting time, the higher the yield and quality of radix scutellariae were. The optimal transplanting time is March, 20th in shandong juxian.The root length, diameter, branch, fresh weight and the baicalin content of radix scutellariae by ridge culture and high ridge were better than those of level ridge, especially for the baicalin content.The earlier the flower thinning time, the better the effect.The nitrogen fertilizer is the best one to improve the yield; and the NPK compound fertilizer is better for increasing baicalin content.During the growing period of scutellariae baicalensis Georgi., the root weight and the baicalin content increased continuously. The root weight reached the climax in the first ten days of October, and the content of baicalin reached the climax in the last ten days of October, then at a relative stable status.The baicalin content in the stem and leaves have a close correlation with the metabolism state. There were higher in the phase of seedling,florescence and seed maturity.Conclusion: Scutellaria baicalensis is heliophile and absorbs more potassium and nitrogen but less phosphorous.The factors, propagation way,the seedling quality, transplanting time, cultivation way, flower thinning, fertilization and harvesting time, affected the yield and quality, which should be controled to achieve high quality and yield according to the real condition in production.