Resources Investigation And Cultivar Classification Of Nelumbo Nucifera In Henan

The paper chose F-lotus cultivars which have stable characters to study their quatitative classification based on the investigation of the resource of lotus cultivars in Henan Province, it aims to explore a simple and applicable method of classification of lotus cultivars that is suitable for Henan Province in order to inflect the whole features of lotus better and more directly.The biological characters of lotus cultivars were investigated based on the quantity, scale, ecological habit and distribution of the cultivars and the following 13 quantitative characters and 13 qualitative characters: flower size, petal number, stamens number, standing leaves size , petioles, standing leaves height, seedpod shape size, seedpod height, carpel number, leaf size, leaf venation number and petal size; quantitative characters, surface, type of flower, obviousity of petal venation, petal hardness, flower colour, petioles spur colour, petioles connection colour, flower bud shape, seedpod shape, carpel, petal shape, flower shape and flower bud colour.1.It is sure that the number of cultivars which existed and were successfully introduced is 96, some other cultivars are under domestication. The R- lotus cultivars account for the largest scale of plantation, the number of R- lotus cultivars is 7, which mainly distribute in the area between Huang and Huai River. F-lotus cultivars mainly depend on introduction, the number of the F-lotus cultivars which have stable characters is 89, which mainly distribute in the parks of cities and the palces of interst. There is no S-lotus cultivars used for production, the existing S-lotus cultivars are used for sight-seeing, just as F-lotus. The result of investigation shows that the resource of lotus is shortage and uneven and the types are rare:Ⅰlarge lotus cultivars:(1).single cultivars of red lotus 6; single cultivars of pink lotus 1; single cultivars of white lotus 2; single cultivars of yellow lotus 1; single cultivars of blotched lotus 0.(2). semi-double cultivars of red lotus 0; semi-double cultivars of pink lotus0; semi-double cultivars of white lotus 1; semi-double cultivars of yellow lotus 0; semi-double cultivars of blotched lotus 0.(3). double cultivars of red lotus 0; double cultivars of pink lotus 1; double cultivars of white lotus 1; double cultivars of yellow lotus 1; double cultivars of blotched lotus 1.(4). double cultivars of red lotus 0; double cultivars of pink lotus 1; double cultivars of white lotus 1; double cultivars of yellow lotus 1; double cultivars of blotched lotus 1.Ⅱmedium-small lotus cultivars:(1).single cultivars of red lotus 3; single cultivars of pink lotus 2; single cultivars of white lotus 8; single cultivars of yellow lotus 0; single cultivars of blotched lotus 1.(2). semi-double cultivars of red lotus 2; semi-double cultivars of pink lotus 5; semi-double cultivars of white lotus 1; semi-double cultivars of yellow lotus 0; semi-double cultivars of blotched lotus 1.(3). double cultivars of red lotus 13; double cultivars of pink lotus 14; double cultivars of white lotus 6; double cultivars of yellow lotus 0; double cultivars of blotched lotus 5.(4). double cultivars of red lotus 3; double cultivars of pink lotus 6; double cultivars of white lotus 3; double cultivars of yellow lotus 0; double cultivars of blotched lotus 1.2. Component Analysis believes that the type of plant is the first importance of classication of lotus, the type of flower is the second and the colour of flower is the third. It helps with the create of index table of the existing lotus cultivars.3.The classification used 26 characters to have the cluster analysis of 89 F- lotus cultivars, deleted 2 very correlative characters, and had the Q- cluster analysis of the 24 after–chosen characters. The longest distance method is most suitable for classification of lotus cultivars. The lotus cultivars are divided into 4 types and 10 sub-types based on their similar characters. The correlative choose of lotus cultivars can help to decrease the blindness and amount of work.