Studies On Cultivation Systems Of High-Yield And Good-Quality Rice In Nanzhao

According to climatic environment,soil fertility,breed behaviation and product condition in Nanzhao County,studies of high-yield cultivation system for quality rice were systemically developed.The main research results were as follows:1.Ecological condition at production base is in order for develop of Quality Rice.In Nanzhao County,the climate is mild,the illumination is enough,the hours of average sunlight in a year is 1 978.8 h,the average air temperature in a year is 14.8℃,the accumulated temperature above 0℃is 5 428.8℃,the average non-frost time in a year is 216 d,the average rainfall in a year is 839.5 mm.Soil nature is all right.Paddyfield soil accords with the demand of GB/T18407.1-2001 soil entironmental quality index.Riverhead is enough,water quality is fine,the irrigation water quality at paddyfield accords with the demand of GB/T18407.1-2001 irrigation water quality criterion,and accords with the demand of develop of quality rice production.2.Suitable high quality,high yield Japonica and Indica rice cultivarsSuitable native conditional Japonica and Indica rice cultivars of high quality,high yield were screened out,which were moderate bearing period,much stronger tillering ability,strong resistance,harmonious production configuration.They were hybride Japonica rice K You 818,Xinxiangyou 63,hybride Indica rice 3 You 18,9 You 138,routine Indica rice Jinshiji,Zhengdao 18.3.The technology of nursery seedling and few seedling transplanting of riceThe outline of the technique:Farm manure were used 30,000 kg/hm² at cropland.The seed were leached in 10 g/L limewater,and was timely planted at the middle and last ten-day of April and was laid over by landfilm.4.The technology of prescription fertilizing for riceUnder the condition of using organic fertilizer,soil fertility was measured and fertilizers were applied by prescription:per 666.7 m² using pure N 16.2 kg,P₂O₅ 9 kg,K₂O 18.2 kg,ZnSO₄ 1 kg,Borax 0.5 kg,or Nanzhao County's special fertilizer 40-50 kg.70%of nitrogenous fertilizer were fundamental,30%were topdressed;60%of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were covered at seeding,40%wrer scattered on upturned soil.Microelement fertilizer were all used by covering at bottom and scattering on upturned soil.5.Suitable plant density on the farmlandSuitable plant density of routine Indica rice is 13,000-19,000 hole per 666.7 m²,3—4 plants per hole.Suitable plant density of hybride Indica rice is 13,000-15,000 hole per 666.7 m²,2—3 plants per hole.Suitable plant density of hybride Japonica rice is 11,000-13,000 hole per 666.7 m²,1—2 plants per hole.6.The technology of controlling main pest,diseases and weedAccording to prevention and cure guideline adopting agricultural,biological,physical and chemical prevention and cure,the occurrence and harm of maleficence biology were controlled, cost was deereased,entironment was improved,produt quality was heightened,Rice stem borers and small brown rice planthopper etc.were controlled aroundt June 20^th.Rice case worm,rice skipper,and small brown,rice sheath blight etc.were controlled on July 20^th.Rice case worm,small brown rice planthopper,rice skipper etc.were controlled on August 20^th.Under especial conditions,importance was attached to controlling of brown rice planthopper on the first ten days of September.7.The technology of moisture management in paddyfieldThe outline of the technology of moisture management in a period of rice is transplanting rice seedlings in shallow water,tillering in enough water,sunning cropland when the tillers were enough,non-breaking shallow water from spike initiation to heading,interim humidly irrigating at the stage of grain filling and ripening,breaking water and airing cropland 7 days before harvest.