Study On Relationships Between Yield And Photosynthetic And Physiological & Biochemical Characteristics In Colored Cotton

The field experiment proceeded in the testing farm of Anhui Agricultural University from 2006 to 2007. Three varieties of field-grown cotton, Huaizongza 1 (Brown cotton), Huailuza 1 (Green cotton), and the parental material of zms-41 (White cotton) were researched for the relations of the difference between Colored Cotton and White Cotton in reproductive physiology and biochemical characteristics and the relationship between production. The experiment provides relevant theory with a view to Colored Cotton of high yield cultivation. Research results are as follows:1. Accumulation and Distribution of Dry MatterThe increase of three varieties of cotton boll volume was the fastest time in 7 to 14 days after flowering, which the growth of the single-boll volume was almost a straight line, and achieved to maximum about 35 days. The volume of Brown cotton boll was close to White cotton's, however the difference of cotton boll volume between Green cotton and White cotton was great. The growth of two varieties of the single-colored cotton seeds weight was higher than white cotton's.Growing period of dry matter accumulation dynamic curves of Colored Cotton show "S" type distribution, and Logistic equation can be used to simulate, which can be used to good simulation. The time of first inflexion of dry matter accumulation of Colored Cotton was earlier than white cotton's, but the crucial period sustained only a few short days, which the accumulation of material was more using of the build of nutrition for the organ.2. Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Content DynamicsNutrient absorption of Colored Cotton dynamic show "S" type distribution, and Logistic equation can be used to good simulation. The accumulation of nutrient absorption ratio of Colored cotton was lower than the ratio of white cotton, and all the ratio was less than 60 percent, except of the ratio of K₂O,during the flowering stage. The accumulation of N, P₂O₅ and K₂O Two varieties of colored cotton were less than the accumulation of white cotton.Two varieties of colored cotton which were getting into the time of first inflexion of N absorption was later, which characteristic values of N absorption between brown cotton and white cotton was closer in the process of absorbing. P₂O₅ absorption of the time of first inflexion are similar with brown cotton and white cotton. K₂O absorption of the time of first inflexion of white cotton was the earliest, followed by the absorption of brown cotton, and the absorption of green cotton was the latest. K₂O absorption of two varieties of colored cotton is shorter than the absorption of white cotton. The time of the max of the accumulation rate of K₂O absorption delayed 3-7 d compared to N, P₂O₅ absorption.3. Photosynthetic CharacteristicsThe dynamic changes of the content of Colored Cotton leaf chlorophyll (a + b) in trend was consistent with white cotton in the whole growth period. In the reproductive period of five selected test phase, white cotton chlorophyll (a + b) were in the highest, followed by brown cotton and green cotton minimum, and the content of brown cotton leaf chlorophyll (a + b) was very close to white cotton . Compared to white cotton, growth of Colored Cotton leaf area index was mainly in the early stage, however Brown cotton and Green cotton leaf area index fell faster after the full bloom stage, and Colored Cotton specific leaf weight in the entire period of duration was relatively lower than White cotton, however, in the later period, different varieties of specific leaf weight difference further enlarged.Different species of photosynthetic rate changed on the performance of the same trend, and three cotton varieties in a single day had two obvious peaks, which the first peak was significantly higher than the second peak. Photosynthetic rate of the first peak was around 10:00, which Photosynthetic rate of brown cotton and green cotton was lower than white cotton, respectively low 0.97μmolCO₂·m^-2s^-1,μmolCO₂·m^-2s^-1, and then photosynthetic rate gradually declined. Photosynthetic rate increased again at 14:00-16:00 on the afternoon, and it had the second peak at 16:00, which photosynthetic rate of brown cotton and green cotton was higher than white cotton, respectively high 3.60μmolCO₂·m^-2s^-1, 2.06μmolCO₂·m^-2s^-1. Colored Cotton of the full bloom stage photosynthetic rate drop the scope in small at noon, in the afternoon declined slowly, the recovery time was short. Correlation analysis showed that photosynthetic rate, the proportion of leaves, leaf area index and lint production showed significant positive correlation, including photosynthesis and leaf area index, leaf area index and the proportion of leaves also was positively correlated in the full bloom stage.4. Antioxidant activities of antioxidant enzymesSOD activity was lower in the early growth of cotton, and from the early flowering stage to full flower stage rose faster, and brown cotton, green cotton and white cotton increased by 60.9%, 57.6%, 50.0% respectively, reached its peak in full flower period. Green cotton SOD activity in various stages compares white cotton activity obviously low, but the activity of brown cotton and white cotton are close. CAT activity of white cotton are the highest among brown cotton, green cotton, and white cotton, which green cotton lowest, in the bud stage, and boll opening stage. However, CAT activity of white cotton are the highest among three varieties of cotton , which brown cotton is the lowest, In the early flowering stage, and full flowering stage. POD activity in all varieties was a consistent trend, and gradually increased with the reproductive process, but POD activity of white cotton reached to a maximum, followed by cotton brown and green cotton minimum in the entire reproductive period. POD activity among three varieties of cotton is no significant difference, after rising significantly before the early flowering, and POD activity increased rapidly after the early flowering. POD activity of brown cotton green cotton, and white cotton increased by 59.5%, 69.6%, and 68.3% respectively, from early flowering stage to full flower stage; and increased by 11.6%, 10.0%, and 19.0% respectively, from full flower stage to boll opening stage.5. Yield CharactersThis study shows that the number of boll per plant of colored cotton was small; lint percentage was low, and boll weight per plant was light, compared with white cotton. Yield of lint of brown and green cotton were lower than white cotton's, 17.5% and 29.3% respectively, which the difference was significant, however yield of lint of brown cotton was higher than 16.7 % of green cotton's, that the difference was significant. Correlation analysis showed that the impact of cotton production was the most important factor in boll weight and the number of boll per plant in the constitution factor of yield. The difference of boll weight and yield of lint were significant at the level of 1%, and the difference of the number of boll per plant and yield of lint significant at the level of 5%.