Classification Management Mechanism Of Grassland Resource And Its Sustainable Development Strategy In The Aletai Region Of Xinjiang

Grasslands are the important resource of animal production and ecological conservation. However,farmers focused on short-term economic return and neglected the ecological benefits of grassland. Continuous grazing was widely adopted in grassland management. This usually led to grazing pressure on grassland exceeding their carrying capacity because of the need to maximize the economic benefits to meet farmers,increasing demand for income. Thus, overgrazing and depredating management have contributed to grassland degeneration, the ability to conserve water resources diminution, productivity decline, soil erosion and desertification graveness. This use pattern reduces that grassland ecosystem evolved from structure destroy to function unbalance. Therefore, grasslands degradation is not only affect economic sustainability development, but also threaten the society stabilization and ecological security in a pasturing area. Main causation is what has no one good mode and mechanism for grassland resource management.According to the analysis of grassland resource feature and management condition in Aletai pastoral area, a classified management mode to grassland resource was put forward, which is based on the produce economic performance, dominant function, ecological service value significance, season grazing using feature, similarity and difference of grassland ecosystems. Control and optimize mechanism to this model was established by combination of classification of dynamic state and static state. Models of grassland productivity and ecological services value of grassland types, based on GIS, was designed to ensure the sustainability of grassland ecosystems. Using the classification model, grassland is divided into 3 function areas from geographic spatial in Aletai region. Function classification of grassland resource classification management was come into being from spatial. Results showed that the first is intensively productive grassland, focusing on maximum economic effect, areas occupied 6.49 million ha, accounted for 65.8% of grassland area, and mainly distributed plain desert, the second is conservation grassland, which is mainly devoted to ecological and social values, areas occupied 1.36 million ha, accounted for 13.9% of grassland area, and mainly distributed plain desert steppe, mountain steppe and alpine meadow; and the third is the moderately productive and protect grassland, dedicated to multiple benefits by rational use, areas covered 2.0 million ha, accounted for 20.3% of grassland area, and the grassland types were mountain steppe desert, mountain meadow steppe, mountain desert steppe, mountain meadow, flat meadow and alpine steppe.The mode of grassland classification management was carried out according to established mechanism guidelines. Production stress should be transferred from ecological frailness region to oasis region by building economic productivity function areas of the intensivism and industrialization, alleviating grazing pressure of ecological protect region. Consequently, coupling construction was formed from function, system, time order and space, producing coupling benefits of economic, ecological and social. With the result that can promote sustainable development of grassland resource utilization in Aletai pastoral area.