| Space breeding provides an effective way for creating new crop varieties and germplasms,but most of the works are focused on the phenotypical selection of crops and little workes were done on the the exploration of the mechanism of space-induced mutation breeding. So, it is time-consuming and less effective in selection and treatmets of the progenies of the crops. To promote the effectiveness of the space breeding, we should take more studies on the exploration of the mechanism of space-induced mutation breeding.The progenies of rice induced by spaceflight were used as materials in this study and analyzed the mutation of the DNA and the factors that caused the changes of the phenotype of the rice using the SSR molecular marker. The relationships between gene mutation and phenotypical changes of induced rice were also explored, providing the basic principle of the mechanism of space-induced mutation breeding. The resuts are as follows:1. 46 mutans lines(including the three original varietes ) were analyzed through the PCR amplication using 147 SSR primer paris which are distributed throught rice chromosomes. The results showed that most mutans had more than many different labled loci compared with original variety. The polymorphism varied among different mutants. The results showed that the mutation occurred on different DNA regions are induced by spaceflight.2. Mutans lines with more mutation of labled loci were chosed for the variance analysis of phenotype and physiology index between mutants and original varieties. The results showed that the differences between mutants lines and original are significant, providing the possible reason of the phenotypical changes of rice progenies induced by spaceflight .The mutation of the rice DNA lead to the changes of phenotype and physiology of the rice. This study indicated that it was an effective way for the exploration of the mechanism of space-induced mutation breeding using molecular markers.
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