Effects And Potential Analysis Of Space-induced Mutation Breeding In Vegetable Crop Of Solanaceae

Seeds of two advanced tomato lines F-Ⅲ-10and F-Ⅲ-18, which were carried by the breedingsatellite “Shijian No.8”, were used to study the biologic effects of space mutatgenesis in terms ofmain agronomic traits, physiology characters, palynology traits and molecular polymorphism inboth SP1and SP2generation. Useful mutants were screened and identified. The main results wereas following..[1] Seeds boarding on satellite had significant effects on agronomic traits. The damage suchas indentation in the cytoledon or euphylla was significant in SP1generation, but disappeared andrestored in SP2generation. The seed vigor was also decreased after seed space flight. Greatvariations were found in main agronomic traits,including1st inflorescence, first flowering, thenumber of node and spike of fruits. The main characters of the SP1-Ⅲ-10generation showedsignificant differenct from the control.[2] Three mutants in SP2generation was isolated. The spike fruit number and fruit weight ofmutant SP2-Ⅲ-10-6were significantly higher than that of the control and could be a newpromising mutant line, but the other two as mutant germplansm.. Agronomic traits of mutantSP2-Ⅲ-10-6were evaluated in SP3and SP4genertions.[3] RAPD reaction system for satellite–carried tomato was optimized. Three primers (S60,A10, and S22) amplified the polymorphic bands between mutant and control, indicating thatmutation could be occurred in the DNA sequence. RAPD analysis could be used in the early stageto chanracterize the mutant.The mutagenic effect and mechanism of space-induced mutation breeding in vegetable cropswere discussed with the critical review of research achievements of the Institute. The futureprospects and industrial development of breeding technology induced by space mutation were alsodiscussed in this study.