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Interaction Between Soil Nutrient Supply And Crop Nutrietional Characters In Long-Term Different Cultivation Rice-Barley Cropping Systems

Posted on:2009-08-16Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:L XueFull Text:PDF
GTID:2143360272488302Subject:Plant Nutrition
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Water shortage is one of the main limitors in the development of sustainable agriculture.Since more than 80%of the freshwater used in agriculture system consumed in waterlogged peddy field,the traditional waterlogged mode has been challenged by water-saving cultivation of rice crop.Thus,a novel cultivation system of rice crop in aerobic soil was established and showed a great potential in water saving agriculture.In this system,about 90~100%of freshwater irrigated could be saved compared with waterlogged field.A field experiment was carried out in sandy loam soil in Yancheng Academy of Agriculture Science,Jiangsu province(33°27'N,120°11'E) in 2006 and 2007,plant biological traits,soil productivity characteristics,nitrogen use efficiency differences, mineral nitrogen dynamic changes,soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen dynamic changes were analyzed.The results showed:There were no significant differences in rice yield.and biomass among W(waterlogged cultivation),PM(aerobic cultivation with plastic film mulching) and RSM(aerobic cultivation with rice straw mulching) treatment in 2006,but the biomass of these treatments were higher than NM by 16.7%,12.7%and 10.8%.The biomass in RSM treatment was the highest in all aerobic treatments in 2007.The biomass in RSM treatment was higher than W,PM, NM(aerobic cultivation without any mulching) by 1.6%,10.0%and 17.7%.Organic matter and available K content in RSM soil were higher than other cultivations;and available P content in PM soil was higher than other treatments. Treatment of RSM produced a higher rice grain yield than PM and NM by 8.57%and 28.94%,respectively.Available N and K content in RSMB soil were higher than in any other cultivation;and available P content in PM soil were higher than other treatments.Treatment RSMB produced more barely grain yield than WB and NMB by 16.9%and 16.4%,respectively.Rice cultivation with rice straw mulching under aerobic condition has pronounced effect on yield of post-cultivated barely growth and this treatment can be used under water deficient conditions to grow rice. RSM had 13.3%higher grain yield than W,while PM and NM could not increase rice grain yield.RSM could increase nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency,up to 33.5%. RSM enhanced the translocation of carbohydrate from straw to grain.In RSM treatment,dry matter translocation before anthesis was 37%,12%,5%higher than W,PM and NM,respectively;nitrogen translocation before anthesis was 19%,19% and 24%higher than W,PM and NM,respectively.Aerobic treatments had a higher nitrogen surplus than treatment W.Treatment RSM had maximum residual nitrogen compared with other treatments,and it improved soil avalbility nitrogen.Rice with straw mulching cultivated in aerobic condition not only improved yields,but also had agreeableness ecological effect.Treatment RSM had maximum soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC) and soil microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN),MBC was higher than W,PM and NM by 50.7%,18.1%and 31.9%,respectively,while MBN was higher than W,PM and NM by 55.4%,11.83%and 48.9%,respectively.Soil mineral nitrogen content in RSM was higher than any other treatment,and soil ammonium content order was determined as follows,W>RSM>PM>NM,while soil nitrate presented as,RSM>PM>NM>W. There was a significant positive relationship among MBC,MBN and mineral nitrogen in aerobic treatments,however,no significant relationship was found in treatment W. RSM had maximum residual nitrogen after rice harvest,and was 13.7%and 32.8% higher than PM and NM,respectively.Treatment RSM improved nitrogen fertilizer efficiency,amount to 33.5%,higher4.6%,27.5%and 39.6%than W,PM and NM, respectively.All results showed that rice with straw mulching cultivated in aerobic condition could improve soil fertility.
Keywords/Search Tags:Rice cultivated in aerobic soil, rice-barely rotation system, nitrogen use efficiency, mineral nitrogen, soil microbial biomass C, N, soil fertilizer
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