Study On Nutrition And Active Substances Of Red Deer Pilose Antler From Hybrid Progeny Of Subspecie

In this study, the red deer pilose antlers for testing was collected from HuangZang deer farm of Tianzhu county of Gansu. primary antlers of red deer(5-8 years old) were cut from red deer selected randomly, which developed normally and healthy. The experimental group is the Tianshan Mountains in Qinghai×the F1 hybrid (binary crossing, male 7) and the Tianshan red deer×Qinghai Tarim red deer of the F1 hybrid (ternary crossing, male 12), the control group is the Tianshan red deer (the original breed, males 11).After cutting and weighting of primary antlers, Pilose Antler quantity, nutrition, quality, biochemical indexes(hormone and enzyme) and chondroitin sulfate were researched systematically by use of amino acids automatic analyzer, flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) , solid phase micro-extractor (SPME) and so on. Meanwhile, correlation and regression equations of each indexes were analyzed making use of mathematical statistics. The results were showed that:1. Red Deer primary antlers weight of subspecies hybrid progeny from binary crossing were higher than ternary crossing significantly(P<0.05),and the quantity of antlers from binary crossing were all higher than original breed and ternary crossing.2. About the nutrition of subspecies hybrid progeny, it was represented that: moisture contents of binary crossing and ternary crossing were 70.52 g/100g and 72.03g/100g respectively, they were all higher than original breeds; crude protein of binary crossing were all higher than original breed and ternary crossing, and there were no difference between ternary crossing and original breed; ash content were no difference among three different kinds.Contents of Fe, Zn and Cu were no difference among three different kinds; Contents of P from binary crossing and ternary crossing were 141.27 mg/100g and 158.45 mg/100g respectively, and were exceeded 51.77 mg/100g and 68.95 mg/100g than original breed, there were very significantly difference(P<0.01) between ternary crossing and original breeds, significantly difference(P<0.05) between binary crossing and original breeds ; Contents of Se from original breed, binary crossing and ternary crossing were 2.69 ug/100g, 6.07 ug/100g and 1.98 ug/100g,respectively, contents in binary crossing were higher than original breed (P<0.05), no difference between ternary crossing and original breed(P﹥0.05).Contents of total amino acids of original breeds and ternary crossing were 75.37 g/100g and 77.08g/100g respectively, the ratio of essential amino acids (EAA) to total amino acids (TAA) were 28.67% and 30.60% respectively; EAA contents of original breeds and ternary crossing were 21.61g/100g and 23.59g/100g respectively, compared with the EAA contents of the FAO model, total contents of EAA can satisfy the requirements, but existed the defects for amino acids composition and had more limited amino acid, especially the methionine and cystine.3. Many biochemical indexes of red deer pilose antlers from hybrid progeny of Tianzhu presented the difference. The activity of GOT, AKP, LDH and T-SOD of original breeds were all higher than binary crossing and ternary crossing (P<0.01); the highest activity of GPT was 8.513U/mgprot of binary crossing; CK activity of binary crossing and ternary crossing higher than original breeds; there were very significant difference of XOD activity among three kinds of breeds (P<0.01); Contents of Estrogen E2 of binary crossing and ternary crossing were higher than original breeds very significant (P<0.01) and no significant difference between binary crossing and ternary crossing; contents of testosterone T of ternary crossing were higher than original breeds (P<0.05) and binary crossing (P<0.01), contents of growth hormone of binary crossing and ternary crossing were higher than original breeds very significant (P<0.01);The average contents of chondroitin sulfate from all kinds of breeds were 1.37g/Kg, 3.00g/Kg and 1.10g/Kg respectively, binary crossing had significant difference from original breeds and ternary crossing (P<0.05), but no significant difference between original breeds and ternary crossing.4. The regression equations between pilose antlers productivity of hybrid progeny and biochemical indexes were established by regression analysis.In summary, pilose antlers of binary crossing and ternary crossing had better tenderness, and plentiful contents of crude protein and chondroitin sulfate; contents of mineral matter such as Fe and Zn were higher than sika deer and Milu, contents of amino acids and hormone of ternary crossing were higher than original breeds and binary crossing; among the sieve kinds of enzyme activity, there were four kinds of enzyme which the activity in original breeds were higher than binary crossing and ternary crossing; Through an overall analysis of Tianzhu red deer, the conclusion were that binary crossing and ternary crossing were better than original breeds, and binary crossing better than ternary crossing. The research can provide the evaluations for pilose antlers productivity and pilose antlers quality of Tianzhu red deer, simultaneous, provide the basis for breeding, improvement and rearing management as well as further research of Tianzhu red deer.