Study On The Acute Toxicity Of Malachite Green To Three Kinds Of Fish Cell Line By MTT Assay

Malachite green has been used extensively for silk, wool, jute, lether and cotton. This dye has been found extensive use all over the world in the fish farming industry as a fungicide, ectoparasiticide and disinfectant since 1933. Due to its potential animal carcinogenicity, mutagenity and teratogenicity, MG has never been registered as a veterinary medicine in the many countries. Because MG is easily available at low cost and highly effective, there is still concern about its illegal use. The study is mostly analysis of MG content in fish. There is little report about the infection of different MG concentration in water.The theme of this paper is the toxicity of malachite green to fish cell. Firstly, the paper summarizes the reports about using fish cell in toxicology. Secondly, the article shows the analysis about methods to study the cell livability. It makes sure the MTT assay is feasible and determine the optimum conditions of this assay. Finally, an attempt has been made to collect information of the toxicity of malachite green by MTT assay. The EPC cell,CIK cell and CCO cell was exposed in normal and malachite green polluted states. The article points out that the control of MG pollution based on controlling the source of this pollution. It is necessarily to forbid MG as a veterinary medicine, at the same time it is necessarily to establish standard for the max concentration of MG in water to ensure water quality.Following are the main results:1) The results showed that the optimal condition of this assay for three fish cell lines: the wavelength was 570nm, the optimum cell number was 5×10⁴/well for CCO cell line, the optimum cell number for EPC cell line and CIK cell line was 2×10⁴/well. The MTT concentration was 1mg/ml and the culture time was 4h.2)The research showed that MG represented same physiological effects to different cell line. Cells would be transmogrification after exposed in MG solution over safe concentration. The livability of cell depended on the concentration of malachite green after 24h. The safe concentration of MG for CIK cell line, CCO cell line and EPC cell line is 0.07mg/L, 0.20mg/L and 0.43mg/L respectively. The IC₅₀ of MG for these three cell lines are 3.73mg/L, 4.12mg/L and 4.43mg/L respectively. Among these cells, CIK cell is the most sensitive to low concentration malachite green.