| Different geographic populations of Marobrachium Nipponense in jiangsu were studied in this article.To evaluate the heredity actuality and offer the direction of heredity and breeding,phylogeny relationship,muscle nutritional quality and genetic diversity were analyzed in this research.The application of the study is to provide more theoretical evidence for the research of heredity and breeding of M.nipponense.EXPERIMENT 1 Molecular Phylogeny of Several Species of Palaemoninae Rafinesque Based on 16S rDNA Fragment SequencesThe molecular phylogeny of Palaemoninae Rafinesque was deduced from partial 16S rDNA sequences representing the 4 genera of the Palaemoninae Rafinesque.The partial 16S rDNA sequences of M.nipponense was acquired in the present study,and other 9 related sequences were cited from GenBank.Alignment of the sequences showed a considerable variation in 188 nucleotide sites and 125 parsimony-informative sites in 442 sites.The variation rate of transition to transversion is 1.134.Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed with Maximum Parsimony(MP),Neighbor-Joining(NJ) and Maximum likelihood(ML) methods based on the 16S rDNA sequences with Alpheus cylindricus as outgroup,The results indicated that Exopalaemon was more closely related to Palaemon and Palaemonetes than to Macrobrachium.The four species in the two genera of Palaemon and Palaemonetes gathered in the same composite branch,which indicated that the species in the two different genera were not separated effectively according as morphology.The phylogenetic relationships reconstructed in the present study with high confidence suggested that the fragment of 16S rDNA could be used as an effective molecular marker for the phylogeny analysis among genera.EXPERIMENT 2 RAPD Analysis on Genetic Diversity and Relationship of Ten M.nipponense Populations in Jiangsu AreaRandom amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) technique was applied to assess the genetic diversity and relationship among ten populations(200 individuals) of M. nipponense which were collected from Jiangsu province.The amplifications gave 234 reproducible and stable fragments ranging from 250 to 2000bp using 18 random primers selected from 40 ones.There were 126 polymorphic fragments with a ratio of 53.85%, analyzed by Popgen32.Based on the RAPD data,Nei's genetic diversity of M.nipponense collected from Gehu Lake of Changzhou was the maximum among 10 populations,and that from domestic population of Luomahu Lake of Suqian was the minimum.The minimum genetic distance occurred between the polulation of Gehu Lake of Changzhou and Taihu Lake of Suzhou.Generally,the genetic relationship has a positive correlation with the geography position.EXPERIMENT 3 A Comparison of Nutritional Quality in Muscle of Four Populations of M.nipponense in Jiangsu AreaThe muscle nutritional quality of four populations of M.nipponense was studied in this research.The four populations of M.nipponense were collected from Taihu lake(TH), Puzhuang Suzhou(PZ),Jiangxinzhou of Yangtze river(CJ) and Pukou Nanjing(PK) respectively in October 2006.Nutritional composition tests showed that PK population had the higher crude protein((11.1595±1.3075)%,P＜0.05),crude fat(9.0215±1.7260)%, P＜0.05),and higher EAA,DAA(P＞0.05).CJ and PK populations had the higher MUFA(23.85%,28.65%,respectively) and PUFA(7.52%,8.06%,respectively) than other populations(P＜0.05).Finally,CJ and PK populations had comprehensive nutritional muscle(EAAI:70.92mg/g,79.63 mg/g,respectively).The results suggested that nutritional quality in muscle of four populations of M.nipponense were differently.EXPERIMENT 4 Studies on Correlation between Muscle Nutrition Indicators and Genetic Characteristics of M.nipponenseThis study analyzed the relativity of muscle nutrition indicators and genetic characteristics of 4 M.nipponense populations by genetic diversity(Ne),Shannon index, crude protein,crude fat,trace mineral,EAA,EAAI,UFA content(%) as parameters.The results showed that shrimp germplasm,growth environment,nutrition and other factors feed into the muscle quality of working together,there is no straight and single inter-related correlation between each other.
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