| In this research,the achene of four wild species ramie varieties-B.strigosiflolia var mollia,B.platanifolia,B.longispica,B.nivea var.nipononivea(the variation of selt tilocnide),that was four wild ramie kinds,which were breeded by the Institute of hemp research of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences;and the seeds of three ramie varieties-XiangZhu No.3,Zhongzhu No.1,Tri-1 and new variety R057,which were breeded by the Institute of Ramie Research of Hunan Agricultural University,were selected to serve as experiment materials.The method of cleaning of seeds,the essential physical,characteristics of seeds,the microstructure and ultrastructure of seed,the extraction process of organic solvents,and the effect of storage and maturity of seeds on oil content were studied.Then,the physicochemical properties and the faty acids compositions were mensurated for the oils,and the amino acids compositions was determined for the oil meal.The main research results were as follows:1.Passing two sample sifters can clean the ramie achene:wiping of the impurities bigger than Imm by passing 20-mesh-sifter;removing the impurities smaller than 0.45mm by passing 40-mesh-sifter.2.There were three outward types of ramie achene,which were flat triangle,spindle body configuration,ovum shape and so on,and there were spindle body configuration, ovum shape types to cultive ramie achene.3.It had break out regular likes small hill to secondly structure of fine hair on the surface of seed of wild ramie achene,and B.nivea var.nipononivea had un-regular break out regular likes ripple,but also the cultive ramies had this structure,and the burr on the surface of seed to zhongzhu NO.1 had not break out.4.There were net structure on the front end of wild ramie achene.(B.strigosiflolia var mollia had un-regular veins structure)and the clutive ramies were linear veins.5.The oil content of seeds of different ramie varieties was very different.The range of oil content to wild ramie kind was 18.45%to 28.65%.The oil content of B.platanilolia of hubei seed was 28.65%,which was the highest in wild ramie kinds,and that of B.platanifolia was 18.45%,which was the lowest;and the range of oil content to wild ramie kind is 13.45%to 22.56%.The oil content of Tri-1 seed was 22.56%,which was the highest in cultured ramie kinds,and that of XiangZhu No.3 seed was 13.45%,which was the lowest;oil content had no significant changes when the ramie seeds was stored for 1 year in normal temperature,but when the ramie seeds was stored for 2 years,the oil content reduced significantly.6.Mensurating the fatty acid content in ramie seed oil by SFE-C02,it was showed that the major fatty acids in ramie seed oil were palmitic acid(C16:0),stearic acid(C18:0), oleic acid(C 18:1),linoleic acid(C 18:2),linolenic acid(C20:l).In which,USFA account for more than87%of the total fatty acids,and PUFA account for about 79%of the total fatty acids.Especially,the content of linoleic acid was account for 77.8～83.8%of the gross fatty acids.7.The maturity of ramie seeds was different between distinct varieties.Xiangzhu No.3 seed was matured firstly,and Tri-1 last.They all were matured in December,much later than the harvesting of ramie fiber.
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