| Community structure,productivity,growth of Korean pine,plant biodiversity and succession of "planting conifer and protecting broad-leaved" Korean pine forest were studied by means of sample transect and compared analysis methods in Changbai Mountain,furthermore,the roles that the different management fashions played in the restoration of broad-leaved Korean pine community were assessed quantitatively,so as to provide scientific basis for the management of northeast secondary forest. The results showed that:(1) "Planting conifer and protecting broad-leaved" Korean pine forest of each stand which planted Korean pine under the canopy and take the different light thinning upbringing in Changbai Mountain,all formed the broad-leaved Korean pine community which the dominant arbor is Korean pine.At the shade slope,each upbringing comminity developed Korean pine and broad-leaved communities mainly composed of Korean pine,Quercus mongolica, Fraxinus mandshurica,Ulmus davidiana and Populus davidiana.At the half open slope,each upbinging comminities developed Korean pine and broad-leaved communities mainly made up Korean pine,Ulmus davidiana and Quercus mongolica.At the open slope,each upbring(?)ng communities developed Korean pine and broad-leaved communities dominated by Korean pine, Tilia amurensis and Ulmus davidiana(2) The productivity of "Planting conifer and protecting broad-leaved" Korean pine forest communities have a close correlation with different tending and thinning measures in Changbai Mountain.At the initial stage of the forest communities on shade slope,as the light thinning density increasing,the community's stand volume and productivity come down, which reason was that Korean pine was still too young to grow lastly,but at the middle stage, each underlayer community both on the half open slope and the open slope increased as the light thinning desity rising.The former stand volume of each underlayer community distributed between 12.60m~3/hm~2～120.48m~3/hm~2,its productivity distributed between 0.47m~3/a.hm~2～4.46m~3/a.hm~2,rose 103.81%～856.19%compared to the check community,and the difference among each upbringing community is very prominent(50.08%～369.16%);and the latter stand volume of each underlayer community was between 22.08m~3/hm~2～63.86m~3/hm~2,its productivity was 0.82m~3/a.hm~2～2.37m~3/a.hm~2,rose 4.85%～204.03%compared to the check community,and the difference among each upbringing community also was very prominent (56.98%～175.58%).(3) Different upbringing density all accelerated the hight growth and diameter(or bottom diameter) growth of Korean pine.At the shade slope,the yearly hight growth of Korean pine was between 0.069m～0.165m,increased 5.80%～136.23%compared to check community, and the difference in each upbringing community was very prominent(43.84%～126.03%); the yearly bottom diameter growth was between 0.12cm～0.29cm,increased 8.33%～141.67% compared to check community,and the difference among upbringing community was very prominent(46.15%～123.08%)。At the half open slope,the yearly hight growth of Korean pine was between 0.123～0.311 m,increased 30.08%～152.85%compared to check community, and the difference among each upbringing community was very prominent(46.25%～94.38%);the yearly diameter growth was between 0.13cm～0.53cm,increased 53.85%-307.69%compared to check community,and the difference among upbringing community was very prominent(45.00%～165.00%)。At the open slope,the yearly hight growth of Korean pine was 0.157m～0.350m,increased 24.84%～122.93%compared to check community,and the difference among each upbringing community was very prominent (14.29%～78.57%);the yearly diameter was between 0.19cm～0.39cm,increased 26.32%～105.26%compared to check community,and the difference among each upbringing community also was very prominent(4.17%～62.50%)。(4) The effects of light-felling ways on the plant diversity of "planting conifer and protecting broad-leaved" Korean pine forest communities was much great in Changbai Mountain. While the crown density was kept at 0.2～0.7,the Shannon-Weiner index of the communities varied from -7.69%to 23.56%,it had little effect on the shade and half open slope,;but it had great effect on the open slope(it ranged at 30.77%～50.35%);so the middle upbringing density (crown density 0.2～0.7) was benefit to the maintaince of communities biodiversity(it ranged at-1.83%～50.35%),but the strong upbringing(crown density 0.0～0.1) was bad for the maintaince of communities biodiversity(5) The "planting conifer and protecting broad-leaved" Korean pine forest of each stand which take the different light thinning density in Changbai Mountain,all develop broad-leaved Korean pine community which the dominent arbor is Korean pine.At the shade slope,the main arbor are Korean pine,Juglans mandshurica,Populus davidiana and Ulmus davidiana,At the half open and open slope,the main arbor are Korean pine,Tilia amurense,Quercus mongolica and Ulmus davidiana(6) On the basis of increasing Korean pine' growth and community's productivity, the light thinning density at different Korean pine'restoration stage is advised to manage the Korean pine forest.at the initial stage,it is better to take the mddle and lower upbringing density(0.4～0.7),and take the middle and higher upbringing density(0.0～0.5) at the middle restoration stage.it will benefit the growth of Korean pine and the community's productivity. |
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