Study On The Standard Cultivation Technique Of Broccoli (Brassica Oleracea L. Var.italica)

Broccoli(Brassica oleracea L.var.italica) are used as the material in the suty.The effects of the various cultivation factors on the growth,development,as well as quality and production of broccoli are studied,including the selection of species,the age of the seedlings,the planting density,the fertilizer application and the prevention and control of diseases.The main growth characteristics of broccoli are known and a set of standardized broccoli cultivation and sustainable production system for technical support are established.The main results are shown in the followings:1.The characteristics of 6 varieties of broccoli,such as B80,Nozaki Xiulv, Yixinglvyun,Sanxiong No.5,Lvyou No.4 and new triangular No.8,are mastered through the late-maturing varieties of broccoli comparison test.It provides a basic foundation for the selection of high-yield,high-quality,best commercial varieties of broccoli suitable for the eastern Zhejiang coastal areas.2.There are significant differences in the commercial and production of the seedlings of broccoli with different ages.The seedlings of Lvxiong 90 with age from 35 to 40 days are appropriate,which are sowed in the best time(after Aug.20) and nursery bed soil conditions,so that the ball took a good commercial and higher output.3.Planting density test of broccoli shows that if the domestic-based or quick-frozen are the main goal,the yield and the cost of broccoli should be taken into account and the planting density from 2200·667m^-2 to 2450 strains·667m^-2 is appropriate.If the fresh export is the main goal,the per unit area qualified curd output should be taken in account and the planting density in 2200·667m^-2～2800·667m^-2 is appropriate.4.The effects of the amount of nitrogen on the yield and the quantity of broccoli are tested and the results show that to a certain extent,the appropriate fertilizer can increase the growth and yeild of the plant and curd,improve the quality of the appearance and the commercial of broccoli.But the over or less application of the nitrogen can inhibit the growth of the plant and curd on the contrary,and decrease the quality and yield eventually.In general,the amount of nitrogen(equivalent pure nitrogen) is appropriate from 25kg·667m^-2 to 40kg·667m^-2 under general soil fertility conditions.For the farmers,as opposed to the habit of fertilizer(about 25 kg·667m^-2), may be appropriate to increase the amount of nitrogen fertilizer.5.72.2%Kubelik AS,50%Leonard WP and 68.75%Yibao WG can better control broccoli downy mildew.At the origin of the infection period,these three agents can be used to control broccoli downy mildew.Attention should be paid to the alternative use of three agents to inhibit the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria.