| Zoysia japonica is widely used in football field in Beijing.It turns yellow earlier in winter so that its apparent quality an utilization value was reduced apparently.The experiments were conducted to aim at this problem in order to over-seed cool-season grasses on dormant Zoysia japonica.Turf-type annual ryegrass,perennial ryegrass and red fescue were used for over-seeding in Zoysia japonica turf in Beijing,China.The effects of sowing rote,sowing date on the growth of overseeding grasses before winter,turf establishment rate,the turf quality over-wintering rate of cool-season turf grasses and the growth of Zoysia japonica after returning green in spring were studied.The results showed that overseeding annual ryegrass,perennial ryegrass and red fescue into the Zoysia japonica turf in Beijing region prolonged the green period of the Zoysia japonica turf 11-54 days.There are significant differences among the seedling growth and establishment rate of different cool-season turf grasses,the seedling growth and establishment rate of annual ryegrass was most quickly,and the red rescue was slowest.The effects of overseeding rate and overseeding date on the growth and establishment rote of cool-season turf grasses were significant.Higher sowing rate and earlier sowing date resulted in faster turf establishment rate and higher quality.There are significant difference among the seedling growth of cool-season turf grasses under different sowing rate and sowing date.The lower sowing rate,the higher tillers and above-ground biomass of cool-season turf grasses.The fillers and above-ground biomass were higher under earlier sowing date.There are significant difference among the densities,leaf area index and above-ground biomass of Zoysia japonica under different treatments in the green returning stage after spring.The effects of cool-season turf grasses on the densities,leaf area index and above-ground biomass of Zoysia japonica were higher under higher sowing rate and earlier sowing date.
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