Introduction And Ex-situ Conservation Of Paeonia Delavayi,Paeonia Lutea,Paeonia Ludlowii

Paeonia delavayi,Paeonia lutea,Paeonia ludlowii is as a unique germplasm resources with high breeding value and aesthetic appeal in China.In this article,based on the the studies of growth in the original area,the biological characteristics of Paeonia delavayi,Paeonia lutea and Paeonia ludlowii are conducted a 3-year observation records in the introduction garden of western mountain of Henan,and practical methods of seed germination of Paeonia delavayi,Paeonia ludlowii are studied,so as to offer the basis theory for development and utilization,introduction and domestication.Basic conclusions are as follows:(1) In the original habitat,Paeonia ludlowii is relatively stable in biological characteristics,only differences in annual growth.In the environment with side shade and hige humidity in air and soil, it grows stronger,taller and has better flowers.In the three populations of Paeonia delavayi there is a clear difference in habitats and morphology,showing a wealth of genetic diversity. Morphological variation of Zhongdian populations of Paeonia lutea shows strong heterozygosity, with continuous morphological variation,and variation is extremely complex.The original habitats of the three wild peonies are suffering from varying degrees of man-made destruction,the urgent measures must be taken to protect them.(2) Paeonia delavayi,Paeonia lutea,Paeonia ludlowii in the introduction garden can be exposed to winter or summer without special protection,grow strong and flower well,the survival rate is almost 100%.By the 3-year observation of biological characteristics,the characteristics of the three introduced wild peony are quite stable,roughly the same with them in original area. Successfully protect the genetic diversity of germplasm resources by introduction,and some special characteristics are found,such as Paeonia delavayi blooms several times in a year, showing the characteristics of vulnerable flower;Paeonia ludlowii begins to flower only after 5 years growth,this is more earlier than in the original area.The performance of these fine characteristics is closely related with climate and soil conditions of western mountain of Henan, western mountain of Henan is very suitable for the introduction of the three peonies.(3) Seeds of Paeonia delavayi and Paeonia ludlowii have strict epicotyl dormancy habits,the treatments of gibberellic acid and low temperature can be effective to break the dormancy of peony seeds and promote seed germination.The rooting speed of Paeonia delavayi seeds can be sped up and the rooting ratio can be improved by treating with 500mg/L GA3 for 48,and the germination speed can be sped up and the germination ratio can be improved by treating with 200mg/L GA3 for 2 h,It only needs more than 3 months form breeding to germination,by this way,it need less time markedly than in the nature condition.The rooting speed of Paeonia ludlowii can be sped up and the rooting ratio can be improved by treating with 500mg/L GA3 for 48 h,and the germination speed can be sped up and the germination ratio can be improved by treating with 100mg/L GA3 for 2 h after 15 days in 4℃.It only needs more than 5 months form breeding to germination,by this way,it need less time markedly than in the nature condition.