| Suitable supply of phosphorus is one of the main step to acquire high quality and high output of flue-cured tobacco. At present, the phosphate fertilizer applied to flue-cured tobacco is almost familiar, so this makes the phosphorus environment to the growth of flue-cured tobacco ragged. Simulation experiment with repacked soil columns, indoor soil-culture and pot experiment were conducted to study the rule of the leaching lose and the transference of P fertilizer in different soils, the phosphorus affection to flue-cured tobacco on different available phosphorus levels of tobacco soil. In order to provide a more reasonable P fertilizer application and a reference that guide to improve tobacco production and quality.1. Soil column leaching simulations showed that, during the leaching period, these three tobacco soils with a phosphorus level about 13.26mg/kg(the moist sandy field),28.66mg/kg(the yellow mud field),54.50mg/kg(the paddy field),had phosphorus leaching rate about: 0.73%,1.28%, 1.37%. Phosphorus application between 60-230mg/kg, the fertilizer phosphorus leaching rate of moist sandy field was increased from 0.26% to 1.37%; The leaching rate of the yellow mud field was increased from 0.23% to 0.88%; The leaching rate of the paddy field was increased from 0.79% to 1.94%.2. Indoor soil-culture experiment results showed that, after applied phosphorus fertilizer, these three soils'available phosphorus leaded a way that increase, decrease, then increase, and finally decrease during the culture period. When the phosphorus application between 60-230mg/kg and the soils cultured to its 90 day, the adsorption rate of each P disposal in the moist sandy field, the yellow mud field and the paddy field were arrange from 40.40%-63.51%,56.68%-72.18%,66.15%-74.37%.But the Fe-P, Al-P content of test soil was contrary to the available phosphorus content, it gradual increased in the late cultivation. The order of P adsorption from P fertilizer in these three soils was: the paddy field > the yellow mud field > the moist sandy field.3. The experiment of the cultivation of different soil particles results showed that, <0.002mm soil particles had the highest total phosphorus content (0.715g/kg), the next was the 0.002mm-0.05mm soil particles, then was the 0.002mm-0.05mm soil particles, and other sizes of soil particles had little distinction between each other. <0.002mm soil particles had the highest available phosphorus content (120.39mg/kg), the next was the 0.002mm-0.05mm soil particles, then was the 0.002mm-0.05mm soil particles, and <0.05mm soil particles had little distinction between each other. While the beginning concentration between 0.1mg/L-0.2mg/L, each particles'absorption had negative coordination with the total phosphorus content and the available phosphorus content. While the beginning concentration >0.5mg/L,the particles'phosphorus absorption didn't reduce in a relatively high total phosphorus and available phosphorus. Fitting the phosphorus adsorption of soil particles with langmuir equation, it had significantly correlation; we can find out that the micro-aggregates play a major role on keeping phosphorus, and the larger sizes were more important in release phosphorus.4. The pot test results showed that, When the phosphorus application between 60-230mg/kg, the moist sandy field gained a highest tobacco height (higher 2.6-17.7cm then other disposals) at the disposal of applied P 2.00g/pot in its 60-day; the stem circles had a familiar rule; applied P≥0.90g/pot on the paddy filed had a relatively higher height, but hadn't obvious difference between disposals, all applied P disposals'stem circles were familiar to the control.In the early growing time of flue-cured tobacco (35-50 days), the content of Photosynthetic Pigments was: the paddy field > the yellow mud field > the moist sandy field., when the flue-cured tobacco grow to 75 days, the Photosynthetic Pigment content of flue-cured tobacco leaves was: the moist sandy field > the yellow mud field >the paddy field .It means that high phosphorus would promote leaves mature. Through tested some Photosynthesis criterion in their fast-growing period, the Pn of the flue-cured tobacco grew in these three soils were: the paddy field > the yellow mud field > the moist sandy field. E: the moist sandy field > the paddy field > the yellow mud field. The Cs of the moist sandy field and the paddy field gone down with the increase of P application, the yellow mud field had a wide Cs range with the increase of P application. The intercellular CO2 concentration of the flue-cured tobacco leaves grew in these three soils were: the moist sandy field > the yellow mud field > the paddy field.The increasing amount of P accumulation in flue-cured tobacco to the moist sandy field, the yellow mud field and the paddy field were: 10.20%-57.53%, 14.23% -122.68%, and 51.10% -166.31%. Except tobacco leaf, the application of P had positively correlation with tobacco roots, stem circles and the whole tobacco P up-taking, the correlation coefficient were:0.953,0.905 and 0.908;except tobacco root, the application of P had positively correlation with tobacco leaves, stem circles and the whole tobacco P up-taking, the correlation coefficient were 0.935,0.962 and 0.964, The application of P had significantly positively correlation with tobacco leaves, roots, stem circles and the whole tobacco P up-taking, the correlation coefficient were 0.965,0.979,0.990 and 0.992.Except roots disposed by the moist sandy field, Apply P fertilizer on the moist sandy field, the yellow mud field and the paddy field had significant impact on tobacco leaves, stem circles and roots. However, in this experiment phosphorus the 2.00g / pots disposal of paddy field bad impact on dry matter accumulation. Every tobacco disposal of the moist sandy field possesses a weight increase comparing to the control on tobacco dry leaves, they were: 12.19%, 26.88%, 43.10%, 57.64%,the increase quantity of total dry weight comparing to the control were:21.78%,30.87%, 60.59%, 69.64%.The dry matter of tobacco leaves disposed by the yellow mud field increased more weight than the control, they were as follows: 15.25%, 65.07%, 79.23%, 125.14%, the total dry weight were: 10.15%, 48.67%, 65.37%, 97.03%. The dry matter of tobacco leaves disposed by the paddy field increased more weight than the control, they were as follows : 22.92%, 49.94%, 84.31%, 40.73%, the total dry weight increased more, they were:28.38% , 55.87%, 83.97%, 52.38%.To sum up, we learned that the application of phosphate fertilizer effect on the moist sandy field, the yellow mud filed and the paddy field with different available phosphorus is different. The growth, physiological and biochemical indicators, leaf's N, P, K content, dry weight of tobacco disposed by the moist sandy field and the yellow mud field gained the best result as the status of applied phosphorus 2.00g / pots, and the yellow mud disposal got the best result in apply P 1.35g / pots.
|
PDF Full Text Request