| Rice sterile cytoplasm controls the genetic expression of the pollens and sparklets,but whether it has some effect on the yield of F1 generations is a question of common concern.Fujian Agriculture Forestry University exploited a new male sterile cytoplasmic resources (CMS-FA) from wild rice O. rufipogon and developed a series of corresponding sterile lines,restorer lines and hybrid rices.Clarifying the genetic effects of the cytoplasm on the yield traits of F1 generations is one of the major research tasks for the CMS-FA hybrid rice.Using 4 sterile lines and their corresponding maintainer lines,3 restorer lines from CMS-FA hybrid system,12 sterile line hybrids (named aF1 for short ) and 12 maintainer line hybrids (named bF1 for short) were made in accordance with incomplete diallel design.By the mixed linear model of additive- dominance and cytoplasm interaction,the genetic effects relevant to 11 yield-related traits,including grain weight per plant,panicle number per plant,1000-grain weight,spikelet per panicle,filled spikelet per panicle,rate of seed setting,plant height,panicle length,flag leaf length,panicle neck length and growth duration were analyzed in the present study.The results were as follows:1. The results of phenotypic analysis of yield-related traits of the hybrid rice with new resources showed that there were big diversities and great variations between parents and F1 generation.Compared with maintainer cytoplasm,CMS-FA cytoplasm made plant height, panicle length,panicle neck length and so on decrease,but made grain weight per plant,panicle number per plant, 1000-grain weight,spikelet per panicle,filled spikelet per panicle,rate of seed setting,flag leaf length,growth duration and so on increase.2.The CMS-FA hybrid rice yield-related trait genetic variance ratio and genetic analysis results showed that the grain weight per plant was mainly controlled by gene dominant effect;the 6 traits of 1000-grain weight,spikelet per panicle, panicle length,flag length,filled spikelet per panicle and rate of seed setting and so on were mainly controlled by gene additive effects;there existed significant nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction effects between plant height and panicle neck length,and there was significant environmental effects for panicle number per plant.3.CMS-FA sterile cytoplasmic additive effects on parents and dominant effects on F1 generations indicated that there were significant or extremely significant addition×cytoplasm effects between plant height and panicle length;compared with maintainer cytoplasm,the interaction of the sterile cytoplasm and addition effect made the sterile parents more shorter in the plant height and panicle neck length,and made the restorer line parents more taller and the panicle more longer.There were significant or extremely significant dominance×cytoplasm interaction effects among plant height,panicle neck length and growth duration.The interaction of the sterile cytoplasm×dominance effects remarkably increased the plant height of Jinnong2A×Jinhui1,Jinnong2A×Jinhui2,Jinnong3A×Jinhui4,the panicle neck length of Jinnong1A×Jinhui1 and 923A×Jinhui1,the growth duration of Jinnong3A×Jinhui4,but significantly reduce the panicle length of Jinnong1A×Jinhui2 and the growth duration of Jinnong1A×Jinhui4.4.The results of the heterosis between the sterile cytoplasm and the yield-related traits of the F1 generations showed that there existed significant or extremely significant nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction in grain weight per plant,1000-grain weight,grain number per panicle,plant height,panicle length, flag leaf length,panicle neck length and so on,and these traits were mainly controlled by major gene effects.The nuclear genes effects contributed to significant or extremely significant positive population average heterosis and population over-parent heterosis in grain weight per plant,filled spikelet per panicle, plant height and panicle neck length and so on,and significant or extremely significant negative population average heterosis and population over-parent heterosis in growth duration.Compared with maintainer cytoplasm,the interaction of the sterile cytoplasm and nuclear genes made the population average heterosis and population over-parent heterosis of 1000-grain weight,filled spikelet per panicle, rate of seed setting,plant height,panicle neck length and so on significantly or extremely significantly increase,especially in plant height and panicle neck length;there existed negative effects in grain weight per plant,panicle number per plant, spikelet per panicle,panicle length,growth duration and so on; the population average heterosis in flag leaf length exhibited positive effects,but the population over-parent heterosis displayed negative effects.5.The genetic analysis results of F1 generations with the CMS-FA sterile cytoplasm indicated that spikelet per panicle,the gene additive correlations mainly happened between spikelet per panicle and panicle number per plant and rate of seed setting,between panicle number per plant and flag leaf length,between growth duration and plant height,panicle length,flag leaf length and so on; the gene dominance correlations mainly existed between grain weight per plant and panicle number per plant, 1000-grain weight,spikelet per panicle,filled spikelet per panicle,rate of seed setting,plant height,panicle length,flag leaf length and panicle neck length,between panicle neck length and grain weight per plant,panicle number per plant,1000-grain weight,spikelet per panicle,filled spikelet per panicle,rate of seed setting,panicle length and flag leaf length,between plant height and filled spikelet per panicle,flag length,1000-grain weight,panicle length and so on.All the traits did not existed the interaction correlation of addition×cytoplasm except that there was extremely significant addition×cytoplasm correlation between plant height and panicle length.The interaction correlation of dominance×cytoplasm mainly existed between 1000-grain weight and spikelet per panicle and filled spikelet per panicle,between growth duration and filled spikelet per panicle.
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