The Studies On The Origin And Quality Evaluation Of Natural Pentapliod Strawberries

The research of natural pentaploid strawberries compared morphological traits, interspecific hybridization experiments, aroma components of fruits, fruit acid and sugar and Vc contents, the conclusion is as follows:1. Three natural pentaploid strawberries and 33 other wild strawberry germplasm from 5 wild species for the materials, sixty morphological traits such as plant posture, plant height, leaf color, petal shape, pedicel hair, runner color, fruit shape, and other parts of the characters in different organs were determined and analysed. Inferred from the cluster map, the natural pentaploid has closer relations with F. mandschurica (2x) and F. orientalis (4x). Then speculated from this relationship that the natural pentaploid Strawberry was the cross of the normal gamete from F. mandschurica (2x) and the unreduced gametes of F. orientalis (4x).2. To F. mandschurica (2x):Jilin 19, LIU Yan 1, Jilin 12, F. orientalis(4x): Jin 5, Hei 10, Hei 6, and Hei 11), F.vesca:2 , Li Si Ji, and Ri ben 4), and F moschata (6x) (C4, C9) for the material, through the reciprocal cross and the hybrid seedlings for ploidy detection , origin of the natural pentaploid strawberries may be: Origin from the cross of the normal gamete of diploid species F. mandschurica and unreduced tetraploid species F. orientalis; origin from the natural hybrid of tetraploid species F. orientalis and hexaploid species F moschata.3. To natural pentaploid Hei 1 and Oriental 5, Heilongjiang wild strawberries 10 and Jilin 12 for the test material, the use of headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry analysis of volatile compounds in different types of strawberry varieties, in order to provide a basis for breeding of strawberry flavor. The results showed in this test that Hei 1 were detected in 25 kinds of ester compounds, accounting for 46.64% of the peak area; Oriental 5 were detected in 27 kinds of ester compounds, the total peak area of 44.1%. Ethyl acetate, acetic acid Rhodomyrtus enol ester, and Ethyl butyrate are the most content of total esters of Hei 1 and Oriental 5. From this analysis can be seen, ethyl acetate, acetic acid Rhodomyrtus enol ester, and Ethyl butyrate are the most important esters in pentaploid strawberry.4. Tests carried out by high performance liquid chromatography sucrose, fructose, glucose, sorbitol, malic acid, citric acid, quinic acid and the determination of Vc. Test results show that the view from the measured total acid of the pentaploid strawberry acid were higher than the other two species of wild strawberry, which was mainly due to higher levels of malic acid causes. High content of malic acid and oxalic acid content is pentaploid wild strawberries and other fruits of strawberry acid on the important distinction. Content of fructose and sorbitol content is the main factor of the sweet test of Hei 1 and oriental 5. Sorbitol has played a good role to the flavor for natural pentaploid strawberry. The content of Vc has no significant difference between the pentaploid strawberries. Vc content of F. mandschurica is significantly higher than pentaploid strawberries.