| Orchard soil management model is the key of raising fruit yield and quality. This investigation measured the dynamic changes on physical properties and nutrient of soil and enzyme activity under two system of grass planting technology and artificial planting clover, and summarize varying regularity of each index, then discussing the dynamic interactional relationship between two grass planting system and physical properties and nutrient of soil and enzyme activity, through this we could provide theoretical basis for orchard soil management. The main results are as follows:(1) Under the two system of grass planting technology, the trend of four kind of processing on soil water content is basically identical. The change on soil water content is between 12% and 35%. With the obvious change about rainfall and compared with natural grass, artificial planting clover is more beneficial to keep soil water content at a high level; Under the two system of grass planting technology, change of soil bulk density is between 1.5 g/cm3 and 1.85g/cm3. Soil bulk density of clover section is less than that of natural grass, but the trend of whole year period is basically identical. Compared with natural grass, the artificial planting clover could much more improve the permeability and water permeability.(2)During the whole year period, soil organic matter content in 0-20cm soil is obviously higher than that in 20-50cm soil. Under the two system of grass planting technology, the trend of soil organic matter content in two soil layer is basically identical. Among them soil organic matter content reach peak in the top soil layer in beginning of May, the soil organic matter content of artificial planting clover is much higher than natural grass. In subsurface layer the soil organic matter content of clover section is higher than natural grass section in most time of year period.(3) Under the two system of grass planting technology, the N,P,Ca,and Zn among soil major elements of top soil layer (0-20cm) is higher than that of subsurface layer (20-50cm) at vertical dimension. The element Mg content of top soil layer is little higher than subsurface layer. The content of N,Ca,Zn in 0-20cm soil layer of clover section is higher than that of natural grass section, but the content of element P in natural grass section is higher than that of artificial planting clover section. The content of element K has no obvious regularity and there is no significant distinction on the content of k which is in two soil layer under the two system of grass planting technology.(4) Under the two system of grass planting technology, the Fe, Mn among soil microelements of subsurface soil layer is higher than that of top layer at vertical dimension and that show feature which is the content of these two elements in artificial planting clover section higher than that in natural grass section. The content of element Cu and B has no obvious regularity and there is no significant distinction which is in two soil layers under the two system of grass planting technology.(5)These three kinds of soil show significant seasonality which is higher in summer and autumn season than that in winter and spring season. The exist of these three kind soil enzyme activity which is in 0-20cm soil layer is obviously higher than that in 20-50cm in the whole year period at vertical dimension. It also shows that the enzyme activity of artificial planting grass section is higher than that of natural grass section in two soil layers.(6)There is certain relationship between different soil enzyme activity and different soil nutrient. In this experiment, there is a certain correlation between the activity of urease,catalase and polyphenoloxidase and soil nutrient. The activity of polyphenoloxidase has negative correlation with total P content. The activity of urease and catalase has significant correlation with total N content and total K content has obvious correlation with urease activity. |
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