Primary Study On Insecticical And Antifungal Activity Of Artem Isia Plants Extacts

Compositae is the biggest family of angiospermae, the most complex in components and the most evoluntional family, and as a common family of Compositae in Heilongjiang area Arten isia has the better Pesticide activity and Antifungal activity. In the thesis the common five Arten isia plants of Heilongjiang area were studied and insecticical activity and antifungal activity of them were systemically studied. The main results were as followed:(1) In insecticical activity test,3^rd instar larve of Lymantria dispar was dealt in order to screen the best method of extraction.The results indicated that the extracts of Ultrasonic-extraction method had the best insecticical activity to five Arten isia plants,and extracts of Impregnation-extraction method had the best antifeeding activity.(2) In contact toxity test and stomach poison test Ultrasonic-extraction method was adopted; In antifeeding test Impregnation-extraction method adopted.The toxicity test that extracts of different solvents to 3^rd instar larve of Lymantria dispar indicated: Artemisia sieversiana, Artemisia annua, Artemisia scoparia had better contact toxicity effect, and five Arten isia plants had certern antifeeding effect. when the extract concentration was 10mg/ml, Dichloromethane extracts of Artemisia mongolica Fisch.et Bess. had the best contact toxicity activity and 72 hour correcting mortality was 73.33%. The stomach poison activity were low generally.The best Petroleum ether extract of Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit. the 72 hour correcting mortality was just 40%. Dichloromethane had the better antifeeding activity.The 24h correcting mortality of ethyl alcohol.Dichloromethane, Propanone,Petroleum ether the antifeeding activity of Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC. respectively 68.98%,75.84%,78.58%,70.26%. The 48h correcting mortality of ethyl alcohol Dichloromethane, Propanone,Petroleum ether the antifeeding activity of Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC. respectively 75.30%, 87.67%,89.33%,80.31%.(3) The functional effect that Different extraction condition of Ultrasonic-extraction method to forestry insects indicated that different extraction time,different liquid-solid ratio, different extraction frequency,different grinding degree had some influence on forestry insects.40min, 1:20, 3times were adaptable for the extraction time, liquid-solid ratio,different extraction frequency of Ultrasonic-extraction method.(4) The screening of photo-activated toxicity plants indicated: Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit. had just photo-activated toxicity in five Arten isia plants. In contact toxity test,stomach poison test and antifeeding test,pesticidal activities and antifeeding activities of photo-treated were significantly higher than that of no photo-treated.(5) Solvent of extraction and method of extraction were screened first in antifungal test.The results were as followed:The optium method of extraction of Artemisia annua L. Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit. Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC.was Ultrasonic-extraction method.The optium method of extraction of Artemisia sieversiana Ehrh.et Willd was Impregnation-extraction method;The optium solvents of extraction of Artemisia annua L. Artemisia sieversiana Ehrh.et Willd was ethyl alcohol;The optium solvent of extraction of Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC. Artemisia mongolica Fisch.et Bess. was Petroleum ether.(6) Through antifungal activity test the results indicated that the extracts had potency to inhibit the growth of fungi diseases.Among them extracts of Artemisia sieversiana Ehrh.et Willd Artemisia annua L. Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit.were higher than others,with a EC₅₀ of 32.44mg/ml,13.75mg/ml,13.85mg/ml respectively to F.sporotrichioides Sherb,and a EC₅₀ of 9.88mg/ml,8.17 mg/ml,9.58 mg/ml respectively to Cytospora chrysosperma(Pers.)Fr.and a EC₅₀ of 20.67 mg/ml,5.05 mg/ml,5.98 mg/ml respectively to Guignardia laricina (Sawada) Yamamotoet K. Ito.,and a EC₅₀ of 16.48 mg/ml,17.35 mg/ml,12.85 mg/ml respectively to Helminthosporium maydwas.(7) The functional effect that Different extraction condition of Ultrasonic-extraction method to pathogenies indicated that different solvent concentration,different extraction time,different liquid-solid ratio,different extraction frequency had some influence on pathogenies. 70% ethyl alcohol,40min, 1:20,3 times were adaptable for the solvent concentration,extraction time,liquid-solid ratio,different extraction frequency of Ultrasonic-extraction method to Artemisia annua L.;40min,1:30,3 times were adaptable for the extraction time,liquid-solid ratio,different extraction frequency of Ultrasonic-extraction method to Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit.