Studies On Production Technology Of Peanut Hull Substrate Substituting For Peat

Peat is a kind of non-renewable wetlands resources,it is the most widely used as growing substrate in greenhouse production,however,the ecosystems will be destroyed due to the exploitation and application of peat,therefore the application of peat has been limited.Composted agricultural and forestry waste can be used as substitute for the peat,the using of the substitutes will reduce the amount of peat using in greenhouse production,and protect the environment.As a kind of substitutes,the composted peanut hull has many advantages such as wide array of sources of raw materials,the homogeneous nature and low prices,etc.,and it is showed in many experiments that the composted peanut hull is adapted for many horticultural crops.But process production technology of peanut hull substrate has not been established in China,in order to make the peanut hull substrate producing,it was been researched in this thesis from 3 parts which are the effect of adding different nitrogen sources and inoculating microbe on the peanut hull fermentation;the effect of different size of peanut hull on the physical and chemical properties of the peanut hull substrate;the effect of different composting age on the seed germination and the growth of plant.The results indicated as follow:1.The effect of adding different nitrogen sources and inoculating microbe on the peanut hull fermentation was tested,it was showed in the results that adding urea can be speed up and optimize the fermentation of peanut hull,and the pH declined from initial 8.56 to 7.0,and stabilized at near 7.0.VT microbe inoculated alone or add the chicken manure alone is not obvious th promotes fermentation.VT microbe inoculated with nitrogen sources is effective on the fermentation.2.The physical and chemical characteristics of peanut hull substrate were tested,it was showed in the results that bulk density of peanut hull substrate of all particle sizes are between 0.13g/cm~3-0.22g/cm~3,bulk density of the peanut hull substrate of smallest particlesizes(smaller than 0.5mm) is 0.22 g/cm~3,which is the most heavy,the bulk density of suited substrate for most plants is 0.4 g/cm~3,so the peanut hull substrate is light and should be mixed with other heavy substrate before used.The total porosity percent of peanut hull substrate of all particle sizes is between 70%-85%,and is up to the mustard of substrate optimum3.All kinds of peanut hull substrate were tested for seed germination and plants growing,it is showed in the results that the extraction of 90 days old composting peanut hull substrate has stimulative effect on the seed germination of Petunia(Petunia×hybrida) Salvia(Salvia splendens) and kale (Brassica oleracea var.acephala).The peanut hull substrate of 4 composting treatments aged 60 days which are not added nitrogen sources or added urea promotes the growth of New Guinea Impatiens (Impatiens hawkeri).The composting 30 days peanut hull substrate added chicken manure is able to used,it can not promote the growth of New Guinea Impatiens when the composting age 60 and 90 days; The peanut hull substrate added VT microbe and chicken manure promotes the growth of New Guinea Impatiens,however,the peanut hull substrate added VT microbe and urea or add VT microbe alone can not promote the growth of New Guinea Impatiens.The synthetical evaluation of the growth index of the New Guinea Impatiens cultured in the peanut hull substrate added urea which is composted 60 days is 0.71,the highest one in 18 treatments.4.The process of production technology of peanut hull substrate is primarily established.The proportion of raw material is peanut hull:water:urea=45:55:0.3.After composted 60 days,the substrate is screened then listerized,packed and stored.So the peanut hull substrate we produed is fit for nursery and potted planting,the plant is in good condition.Adding nitrogen sources and inoculating microbe will accelerate the fermentation and optimize the product quality;for geting uniform substrate,the substrate should be classified;the compost time confirming will shorten the fermentation cycle.The production parameters obtained in this study will make large-scale standardized peanut hull substrate production possible.