Fe,Zn,Pb,Cu Absorption And Distribution In Wheat

Iron(Fe),zinc(Zn),copper(Cu),lead(Pb) accumulation and distribution characteristics in different wheat genotypes, and the effects of Fe,Zn,Pb,Cu with different concentration on Fe,Zn,Pb,Cu absorption and distribution, grain yield and quality were studied on the experimental field of Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University from 2006-2008. The effects of application ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on the absorption of Fe,Zn,Pb,Cu were analyzed The main results were as follows:1. Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu contents and accumulation amount in different wheat genotypes1.1 Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu content and accumulation amount in grain of different wheat genotypesFe, Zn, Pb, Cu contents and accumulation amount in grains were extremely significantly different among different genotypes. The order of average content in grains was Fe>Zn>Pb>Cu. Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu contents in grains were not significantly correlated with grain protein content, the varieties with high Fe, Zn and low Pb contents could be bred in wheat for different end uses.1.2 The variance of Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu absorption in different organs The order of Fe content in different organs was glumes>leaves>grains and stems&sheathes, Zn content was grains>leaves>glumes>stems&sheathes, Pb content was stems&sheathes > leaves > glumes > grains, Cu content was stems&sheathes>glumes>leaves>grains. Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu contents and accumulation amounts in different organs showed significant differences. Fe content in grains was extremely significantly correlated with that in whole plant, Zn content in grains was significantly correlated with that in whole plant, but Pb, Cu contents in grains were not significantly correlated with those in whole plant. Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu contents and accumulation amounts in the same organ were significantly different among different genotypes.1.3 Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu contents in grains from replanted seeds with high Pb, Cu accumulationThe corresponding elements in grains from replanted seeds with high Pb, Cu accumulation decreased .Pb, Cu contents were still higher than the control, Fe, Zn contents lower than that of the control.2. Effects of adding Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu on Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu absorptionThere were differences in the accumulation of Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu in different organs of wheat. Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu contents in root were highest. Fe, Pb, Cu in the plant above-ground mainly distributed in the stem&sheathes and leaves, but Zn mainly distributed in the grains. The contents of corresponding elements increased in the plant above-ground. The Fe, Zn contents also increased in different degree by spraying Fe, Zn. Less than 5% of added elements were absorbed by the plant of wheat, the majority of them were residued in the soil. Fe, Pb, Cu absorbed by plant mainly existed in root, however, Zn mainly distributed in grains.3. Effects of adding Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu on grain yield and qualityGrain yield increased by adding different concentrations of Fe, Zn in soil. Wheat yield was highest when 10 mg/kg of Zn was added, increased by 19.35%, compared with control. Grain yield was highest when 40 mg/kg of Fe was added, increased by 20.7%, compared with control.Spraying 0.1% Zn fertilizer or 0.1% Fe fertilizer could increase grain yield by 5.93% or 8.5%,respectively. While spraying 0.1% Zn-Fe combined fertilizer, grain yield increased by 12.1%, compared with the control. Grain protein content was significantly decreased by adding in soil and only spraying Fe fertilizer, the sensitivity of four protein components to the same concentration was different. Amylopectin content increased (not significant), amylose content decreased, and the starch content increased except under the concentration of 40mg/kg. When the added Zn concentration was lower than 10mg/kg, grain protein content and accumulation amount inYangmai16 increased with the increase of adding concentration. Amylopectin content increased significantly, amylose content decreased with the increase of adding concentrations. Grain protein content and accumulation amount decreased when the adding concentration was 20mg/kg. Spraying Zn fertilizer could increase protein and starch contents. Different concentrations had different effects on yield in Yangmai16.Under low concentrations (Cu≤100mg/kg, Pb≤900mg/kg) grain yield increased,while grain reduced under high concentration (Cu>100mg/kg, Pb>900mg/kg) . When Cu adding concentration was 300mg/kg, grain yield decreased except Yangfumai 2. When Pb adding concentration was 900mg/kg, grain yield of all varieties increased.4. Effects of different application ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu contents and accumulation amount in wheatThe effects of different application ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu contents and accumulation amount in grain were different. Applying nitrogen fertilize could increase Fe, Zn, Cu contents and accumulation amount in grains. Applying phosphorus on the base of suitable amount of nitrogen fertilize applied could increase Fe, Zn accumulation amount and decrease Pb accumulation amount in grains. The higher the amount of phosporus fertilizer applied, the greater the Fe, Zn accumulation amount and the less the Pb accumulation amount. Adding potassium fertilizer on the base of application ratio of N and P fertilizer 1:0.4 could increase Zn, Pb, Cu accumulation amount in grains and decrease Fe content and accumulation amount in grains. Adding potassium fertilizer on the base of application ratio of N and P fertilizer 1:0.6 could decrease Fe, Cu contents and accumulation amount in grains and increase Pb content and Zn.accumulation amount.The contents and accumulation amount of Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu in plant were lowest when no fertilizer was applied..Applying nitrogen fertilizer could promote the absorption of Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu. Applying phosphorus fertilizer could promote the transport of Fe, Zn to grains .