Establishment Of Plant Regeneration System And Genetic Manipulation Of Bread-making Quality Gene In Wheat

The wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is one of the most important cereals in the world and it plays an important roles in the world economic development and human survives. How to improve wheat bread-making quality is the most important problems facing our country. The study of Xinjiang wheat genetic engineering is still in the initial stage and the introduced high quality wheat varieties is hard to be suited for Xinjiang unique environment. So that according to Xinjiang wheat growth features to establish a set of genetic transformation technical system is very important to improve Xinjiang wheat quality. The main work, results and conclusions of these studies are as follows.In this paper, Xinjiang main wheat varieties was taked as the experimental material firstly.The cell manipulation technique was applied to choose the high regeneration capacity wheat varieties,while the technique of SDS-PAGE was used to detect the HMW-GS composition in Xinjiang wheat varieties, recorded and analysised the agronomic character of all wheat varieties.The results showed that Xindong18 inflorescence and Xindong17 immature embryo has the higher regeneration capacity 14 alleles have been identified at Glu-1 loci and 17 HMW-GS combination have been observed of the main wheat varieties, the Glu-1 average quality scores of the tested cultivars is 6.3 of all the tested varietie. Significant difference was found in all varieties wheat physiological values.Had determined initially that Xinjiang wheat inflorescence and immature embryo wheat tissue culture regeneration system. Proved that the quality fit or unfit and the growth characteristic of the Xinjiang present host wheat .Transgenic wheat containing transgenes of 1Dx5 or 1Ax1 respectively as the experimental material secondly, transgenic progenies HMW-GS combination types and transgene genetic stability was tested.The result showed that there were 21 types mutations of B72-8-11b and 11 types mutations of B102-1-2 random selection of 1000 T7 generation seeds respectively, continuously determined of the three generations of transgenic wheat that the exogenous gene intergrated stability and be able to stable expression. Significant difference was found in B72-8-11b and B73-6-1 of all agronomic characters except spike length and swords compared with Xinjiang local wheat. It is proved that transgenic wheat exogenous gene heredity stability and adapt environment planted in Xinjiang.Finally resist salt lick wheat varieties in Xinjiang as the experimental receptors.Pollen-tube pathway was used to transform the primary bread-making quality gene 1Dx5 minimum expression frame and the technique of SDS-PAGE was used to detect the HMW-GS composition of first progeny seeds. It turned out that exogenous gene can expression , the frequency of expression is 0.65%,with higher expression rate compared to transformation circular plasmid which expression rate is 0.21%.SDS-PAGE showed that with low copy number of exogenous gene expression. Proved that it is feasibily to transform bread-making quality gene minimum expression frame with the pollen-tube pathway on the the Xinjiang wheat.