Studies On Dynamics And Control Technologies For Diseases And Insect Pests Of The Main Export Vegetables In Shandong Province

Vegetables have unique advantages and status in agricultural development of China. They are the most dynamic and market competitive economic crops in crop farming of our country. In recent years, the output value of vegetable industry has exceeded that of grain in Shandong Province. Vegetable industry has become the biggest one in crop farming of Shandong Province. However, with the changes of agricultural structure and farming system, the development of facility agriculture, protected agriculture and vegetable production, the changes of natural climate and plant varieties, and the large-scale application of chemical pesticides, the production, processing, consumption and export of vegetable products are threatened seriously by biological disasters,vegetable diseases and insect pests in particular.Aiming at production requirements of export vegetables,this paper investigated the dynamics of diseases and insect pest, utilized agricultural,physical, biological and chemical control methods to examine their effects on diseases and insect pests, vegetable production and pesticide residues. We also studied the control effects of frequency trembler grid lamps, greenhouse ozone machine and insect-proof net. Seven biological preparations and twelve chemical pesticides with high activity, low toxicity and low residue were screened.The main results are as follows:1. We Investigated the species of diseases and insect pests, species of natural enemies, distribution and dominant species in export vegetable bases in Shandong Province. Dynamics of main diseases and insect pests were studied.2. We investigated the main control technologies for diseases and insect pests, types and application methods of pesticides.3. Effects of crop varieties, fertilities and cultivation on diseases and insect pests, production and pesticide residues were examined.4. Control effects and application technologies of frequency trembler grid lamps, greenhouse ozone machine and insect-proof net were tested.5. By research, seven biological preparations and twelve chemical pesticides with high activity, low toxicity and low residue were screened. The best application dosages and methods were adopted to reduce the use of chemical pesticides maximally.