| Seven different eggplant (Solanum m elongena L. ) varieties cultivars were used in this study, including 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7. The dyed starch of the eggplant microspore with different development period were studied. The condition of anther culture was optimized,including the effects of different factors(phytohormone , carbon sources,amino acids and AgNO3) on anther callus induction. Effect of different phytohormone combination on the multiplication and embryoid were studied. At the same time,flow cytometric (FCM)analysis was made to ploidy levels of the eggplant(Solanum m elongena L. ) embryoid which were from the anther culture. In present experiment were to establish a relative complete system for eggplant anther culture and ploidy determination. The results are as flollows:1. The dyed starch of the six varieties eggplant (2,3,4,5,6,7)microspore with different development period were studied.The reasults showed that the rate of dyed starch of microspore was increasing in the whole with the difference value of the base of the sepal split length enlarged. but the differencre were significantly in different varieties.The rate of dyed starch of Jingxuanlvqie had a significantly peak at inchoation of uninucleate stage.The rate of dyed starch other five varieties are increasing with microspore developmental period in the whole.The rate starch dyeing is slow rose before uninucleate stage,but the rate starch dyeing is rapidly rose after uninucleate stage.2.Anther callus induction was found to be influenced by different exogenous hormones , carbon sources ,amino acids and AgNO3 factors.①The sole exogenous hormones callus induction rate nearly is zero. Auxin and cytokinin cooperate was essential for anther callus induction. The optimal medium for anther callus induction was MS+0.2mg/L2,4-D+1.0mg/LNAA+0.25mg/LKT。②In experiment with four eggplant (Solanum m elongena L. ) cultivars(1,2,5,6), anther callus induction was found to be influenced by different carbon sources. Four cultivars were applicable to 2%sucrose,but the optimal carbon sources was different to each cultivar. Except 13%glucose , three kinds of carbon sources have no significant difference to that the all callus induction rate(callus induction rate1) were high. 6%maltose make callus induction rate2 of No2 increased significantly as compared with others treatments; 6.5% glucose make callus induction rate2 of No5 increased significantly as compared with others treatments.③Severn treatments are beyond 45%,and there was no significant difference between them.The effects was different with varieties and treatments to callus induction rate2. 100mg/LArg make callus induction rate2 of No5 and No6 increased significantly as compared with others treatments. 100mg/LGlu,100mg/LPhe and 10mg/L AgNO3 make callus induction rate2 increasein with the varieties number rising,No6 callus induction rate2 was highest and No1was lowest.3. In multiplication effect of callus, different medias showed very great difference. The optimal medium for callus multiplication was MS+0.1 mg/L NAA + 1mg/LKT+75mL/Lcoconut juice+2% Sucrose 4. Hormone is important to birth embryoid by anther culture of eggplant. Among three treatments, only treatment 2(MS+2mg/L NAA+0.25 mg/LKT+2% Sucrose) can be induced, while treatment1,treatment3 don't give birth to embryoid. Treatment 2 (MS+2mg/L NAA+0.25 mg/LKT+2% Sucrose)is effective for anther culture of eggplant. Genotype affects the percentage of the embryoid notably. The type and rate of hormone is important to birth embryoid.5.The relative nuclear DNA of 8 the eggplant (L.)plants regenerated from anther culture by FCM analysis. The reasults showed that 7 diploid plants and 1combined plant (combined with haploid and diploid cell.)。...
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