SNPs Of Gsp Genes And Its Relationship With Kernel Hardness In Barley

According to the conserved regions of Gsp genes in barely, the gene-specific primers were designed to amplify the full gene from 17 cultivated barley varieties from North American cultivated barley and 31 Tibetan wild barley accessions. The expected fragments were cloned and sequenced. Based on the results of multiple sequence alignments of Gsp gene from 17 cultivated barleys, a number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the relationships between the SNP variations of Gsp gene and the kernel hardness were detected. The relationships between the SNPs of Gsp gene and the kernel hardness were investigated. In addition, the origin and evolution of Tibetan wild barleys were discussed.The following results were obtained.1 To investigate the origin and evolution of Tibetan wild barley, 31 Gsp genes were obtained from wild barley accessions from various agri-geographical subregions of Xizang. Multiple sequences alignment indicated that 31 Gsp gene sequences appeared to be extremely high identical (about 99.15%). A total of 154 Gsp gene sequences from Xizang wild barley accessions and worldwide were characterized. From 154 Gsp genes, a total of 19 haplotypes were defined. The median-joining network of the 19 haplotypes indicated that five haplotype groups were indentified. Further analysis to the haplotypes of Gsp gene from Xizang and worldwide showed that Tibet is not the center of origin of the barley.2. The analysis of quality characters such as NIR-hardness, protein content, moisture and 1000-kernel weight of 92 cultivated barley accessions showed that the kernel hardness ranged from 55 to 77. The correlations between kernel hardness and moisture were negative and significant, while the correlations between kernel weight and hardness were positively significant, indicating that the kernel hardness was influenced not only by kernel moisture, but also by the 1000-kernel hardness.3. According to the difference of NIR-hardness, the Gsp genes of 17 varieties were cloned and sequenced. The results showed that there were a lot of SNPs in Gsp genes. The analysis of the relationships between the SNPs of Gsp genes and the kernel hardness suggested that the hardness indexes were no significantly related with the SNPs of Gsp genes.