Milling Quality And Inheritance Of Kernel Hardness And Flour Yield Of Common Wheat (Tricium Aestivum L.)

One hundred and forty one wheat varietiesQines) from major wheat zones including one hundred winter wheals and forty one sring wheats wore used to evaluate their milling quality Winter wheat were grown in An Yang in 1998-99 season and spiing wheat grown in Hong Xinglong in 1998 and 1999 seasons respectively Twenty four kernel cbaract and milling quality traits including test weight; thousand kernel weight hardness, flour yield, flour ash content; flour color and dough color were tested and correlation coefficient between kernel charact, milling quality and milling quality of Buhler inill(big mill) and Brabender Junior mill(small mill) wore determined to understand traits associated with good milling quality P1, P2. F1, F2and F3 of three hard wheat Xsoft wheat crosses w used to study the inheritanoe of wheat kernel hardness and flour yield The major results are presented beliow 1. Flour yield and flour whiteness of winter wheat are higher than diaL of spnng wheat; while winter wheat flour ash content is lower than spring wheat ash contenL There for, winter wheals perform better milling quality than spring wheats. Milling quality traits of winter wheais from various zones show significant diffa~nce, ie., for Northern Winter Wheat Zone )Yellow and hum River Valey Facultative Wheat Zone> Middle and Lower Yantze Valleys Wmter-swon Wheat Zone>Southwestan Wmter-swon Wheat Zone, for flour color Middle and Lower Yantze Valleys Wmter-swon Wheat Zone>Southwesiern Winter-swon Wheat Zone>Yellow and Yin River Valey Facultative Wheat Zone> Northern Winter Wheat Zone. Varieties from Northern Winter WheatZone perform the lowest ash content and varieties from Southwestern Wmter-swon Wheat Zone have the highest ash content 2. The relationship between milling quality and test weight varies with wheat type. In winter wheat, milling quality is positively correlated with test wezght(r0.391) while in siring wheat the correlation is not significant Hardness is an important character that affected milling qualityHardness is negative correlation with flour colci(r=-0.341--0.7Th and positive carelation with ash content(r=0.34?.39). CcmlaLion beten hardness and flour yield in big mill and small mill varied with wheat type. lit winter wheat it shova significant correlations with r as 0.551 and 0.635 while in spring wheats the correlation is not significant Other kernel traits have not significant correlation with milling quality. Flour whiteness of siing wheat has negative correlation with flour ash content(big mill, r?-0.445, small mill r.568) and flour yield of winter wheat has negative correlation with flour color(big mill, r=-0.537, small mill r-0.726). 3. There is significant difference between the milling quality obtained from big mill and small mill. Flour yield and flour whiteness of big mill flour are significantly higher than those from small mill. Flour yield, flour whiteness and ash content of big mill are significant positive correlated with those from small mill respectively(r=0.629?.828, 0.786?.800, 0.471 .59 1). it is possible to use small mill flour quality to predict big mill flour quality. 4. Flour ash content and protein content show significant difference among different flour stream of big mill. First reduction flour stream has the highest flour yield, average 45%, and lowest ash content; average 0.455; Break flour has higher protein content than reduction flour The third break flour stream and the third reduction flour stream have higher ash content than other flour stream. It...