Research On Water Requirement Of Agricultural And Livestock Products In Sanjiang Plain Based On Virtual Water

The status of increasingly water resources scarce forced people to continue to seek ways to alleviate the water crisis. The emergence of the concept of virtual water made the settlement of this issue possible. "Virtual water" is the concept that Professor Tony Allan proposed creatively in 1993, it refers to the required quantity of water resources that production of goods and provision of services. Virtual water, as well as related virtual water trade and the emergence of virtual water strategic thinking is very significant. It has changed the people's traditional way of thinking,made the channel of solving water shortage problems diversificately,that is not limited to the use of local entitile water resources, but from the system point of view, useing system thinking approach to find various influencing factors relevant to the issue, from the outside of watershed to find solution strategy to deal with internal problems. Virtual water has become an important factors of regional water resource management.In this paper, by the status of relative scarcity and irrational distribution of the water resources in our country ,We proposed the new ideas of useing virtual water strategy to solve the problem of water shortage .In the article,we introduced the following five main aspects:1. The background, purpose ,significance ,research at home and abroad, research methods,technical route of the virtual water research. On the basis of results at home and abroad research on virtual water ,we constructed the theoretical system of virtual water, including: the concept of virtual water content, the composition of virtual water, the calculation method of virtual water.2. Based on the status of water resources utilization and development in Sanjiang Plain, analyze the virtual water quantity in agricultural and livestock products in Sanjiang Plain.Useing UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) recommended CROPWAT software, CROP database and CLIMATE database, analyze virtual water content per unit mass in agricultural and livestock in Sanjiang Plain.3. Made quality of virtual water content in agricultural and livestock units products in Sanjiang Plain and in our country for comparison,and calculated the saving water quality in Sanjiang region. Highlighted the advantages of Sanjiang Plain in developing of marketable grain planting and animal husbandry, the region should be expanded plant area of rice, wheat and other crops that has comparative advantage in Sanjiang Plain.By calculating and analyzing in this paper, we could get the following conclusions: 1. units virtual water content of the rice, maize, potato, soybean, vegetables and melons was lower than the average level of our country, that is to say planting these crops in the Sanjiang Plain will save a lot of water. Especially rice and soybeans, water-saving effect is more visible.2. the total virtual water content of main agricultural and livestock products in 2005 and 2006 of Sanjiang Plain is 2.630×109m3 and 3.460×109m3,the virtual water content of crops account for more than 90 percent of the total. From Statistics in two years ,we can see, the virtual water content of crops is enormous, so in the future study, we should focus on agricultural products.We should use technical means to reduce the virtual water content in unit weight of crop, in order to achieve conservation of water resources and improve utilization of water resources purposes.3. The exporting volume of virtual water content in agricultural and livestock products in 2005 and 2006 of Sanjiang Plain is 23.5×108m3 and 30.4×108m3, the annual growth rate is 29.34 percent, the virtual water in food exporting account for more than 90 percent.4. By the analysis of virtual water trade of Chinese food ,we can see,the food security of ourcountry is secure, self-sufficiency rate is 99 percent, but our country's food security within the region would be no need for completly self-sufficiency through virtual water trade to resolve regional shortage of water resources, improve the utilization effection of water resources.5. The implementation of virtual water strategy has a positive role for water resources management and policy guidance, and also find a new idea to solve the problem shortage of water resources in the areas of relative scarcity of water resources. but,the implementation of virtual water strategy also has some problems,such as over-reliance on virtual water trade to solve the water shortage problem in this area may increase the risk of food security ,we should be better prepare measures to deal with the risk of food security.Virtual water strategy as a new initiation to expand the range of options of solution to the problem of water shortage..The quantitative analysis of Virtual water trade will help our country get a clear understanding of the multi-directional utilization of water resources, how to make better use of both markets and resources will play a positive role in the guidance. The virtual water trade has provided an alternative mode of supply in the region of water resources shortage,it can provide effective means for alleviating the pressure of the shortage of water resources and not result in adverse environmental consequences. Therefore, it is very necessary to explore the follow-up theory of virtual water and virtual water trade.