| Sanjiang Plain is an important commodity grain base in Heilongjiang Province.The rice planting area accounts for more than 60%of the province.The problems of rice planting and agricultural development include low utilization rate of surface water and insufficient carrying capacity of water resources.The research on the influence of different irrigation systems on the growth and yield of rice is the theoretical basis for improving the water irrigation management technology in rice production and realizing water-saving irrigation.Only by clarifying the water consumption characteristics of rice itself and the utilization rate of irrigation water,can the optimal water consumption dynamic of rice be estimated and the water resources be fully utilized.In order to alleviate regional water resources shortage and reduce agricultural irrigation water consumption,this study explores the growth characteristics and water consumption rules of rice under different irrigation systems,and provides scientific basis and technical support for regional water-saving irrigation.This study used the wild field trials,set up three different irrigation system test processing,respectively,the conventional irrigation(CG)system,control system of irrigation(KG)and shallow wet irrigation system(QS),could be divided into different rice growth period,growth period of rice under different irrigation system is analyzed the plant height,tillers,dry matter,yield of different growth index change;The water consumption of rice in different growth stages under different irrigation systems was analyzed.The relationship between transpiration and leakage under different irrigation systems was analyzed.The reference crop evapotranspiration and crop coefficient of rice during the growth period were analyzed.The canopy variation trend of the same variety of rice was measured and analyzed by CI-110 canopy analyzer.Result 1:CG system had the most vigorous plant height and the highest tiller number during the whole growth period.Results 2:The total water consumption of rice under KG system was 503mm,which was reduced by 8.67%and 12.90%compared with CG system and QS system,respectively.Result 3:The water consumption intensity of rice under different irrigation systems showed a double-peak trend of"M".Results 4:The relationship between evapotranspiration and field leakage under different irrigation systems was obvious,the main factor was field leakage before tillering stage,and evapotranspiration after tillering stage.Result 5:The coefficient of KG system crop Kc was the closest to the recommended value of FAO-56.Results 6:the theoretical yield of KG system was 10061kg/hm~2,which increased by 5.28%and 10.97%compared with QS system and CG system,respectively.Results 7:The irrigation water productivity of KG system was 1.94 KG/m~3,which was 20.50%and 24.36%higher than that of conventional system and QS system,respectively.Results 8:LAI of CG regime was higher than KG regime and QS regime,while TD,TR and MFIA of CG regime were lower than KG regime and QS regime.There was a strong negative correlation between LAI and TD and TR of three irrigation systems.There was a strong negative correlation between LAI and TD and TR of three irrigation systems.These results indicate that the KG system has the lowest water consumption and the highest final yield during rice growth in Sanjiang Plain,and the promotion of KG system in this region can reduce agricultural water consumption and solve the problem of water shortage. |
