Study Of Harmless Chemical Management Techniques On Agaricus Bisporus Diseases

Agaricus bisporus, also known as mushrooms is the world's first large mushroom, and the outputs accounts for about 40% in world's edible fungis. It has more than 300 years of artificial cultication history. So far, Agaricus bisporus is cultivated by open-fermented culture material commonly, and its management is more extensive than all other edible fungis, which lead to more disease. culture material and casing soil are major sources of disease, so prevention and treatment of diseases and insect pests has become a top priority in Agaricus bisporus cultivation.In this study, culture material and casing layer were treated with six fungicides to explore their effect on avoidance of wed-moulds contamination, growth and yield of fungi edible. Results as follows:1 Comparison of two methods, the results indicated that the methods of dealing with casing layer was better than dealing with culture culture material. In the phase of mycelium growth, incidence of rivalrousness epiphytes was lower than CK, but mycelium growth vigor was infirmer than CK. In the phase of sporocarp, the difference of Agaricus bisporus shape and quality was not obvious between the two methods and CK, while the production of Agaricus bisporus was increased remarkably after casing layer was treated with fungicides.2 Effects of fungicides on rivalrousness epiphytes in mycelium phase and sporocarp were studied. The results showed:by using fungicides train materials, it was founded that mycelium growth vigor was better than CK when culture material was treated with fungicides (Gufeng,Carbendazim,Warts nemesis,Disinfectant). In mycelium phase, as well as less diseases happened. In sporocarp phase, the outputs of Agaricus bisporus was decreased when culture material was treated with fungicides (Gufeng, Carbendazim, Thiophanate-methyl, Warts nemesis, Disinfectant). When casing layer was treated with Gufeng, Carbendazim, Warts nemesis and Disinfectant, the outputs of Agaricus bisporus was higher than CK.3 Comparison of the different concentration of 6 kinds fungicides, the results showed that the outputs of Agaricus bisporus was not restrained and had a good ability to anti-miscellaneous when the culture material was treated with fungicides (Gufeng 1:1600~1:2400, Carbendazim1:1000~1:2500, Thiophanate-methyl 1:1000~1:2500, Disinfectant 1:4000~1:5000). Meanwhile, Agaricus bisporus had higher outputs and a good ability to anti-miscellaneous when the casing laying was treated with fungicides(Gufeng 1:1600-1:2400, Carbendazim1: 1000-12500, Disinfectant 1:4000~1:5000, Thiophanate-methyl 1:1000~1:2500 ).4 Through the detection of pesticide residues, the fugicide residues in experimental products did not exceed the maximum residues limits of Chinese standards, Agaricus bisporus of this test were harmless.