Studies On Material Changes And Microbial Community Of Agaricus Bisporus Compost During Composting Process

Agaricus bisporus is a straw-decay fungi with long cultivation history which has high nutritional value and wide consumer group.China has a high production of Agaricus bisporu and its export rank first in the world.The fermentation of compost play an important role in the cultivation process.Compost is not only the main place for Agaricus bisporus growth and development,but also the important material basis.In this paper,Agaricus bisporus was used as the research object.The material changes and the microbial community structure of Agaricus bisporus with different fermentation modes were studied,and the impact of physical and chemical properties of compost on Agaricus bisporus yeild during different fermentation stage was also carried out to provide theoretical basis for the quality control in Agaricus bisporus composting.The determination of the lignocellulosic content and degrading enzymes activity of compost in different compost stage provide continuous data support for quality standard of compost fermentation.The effect of changes of microbial community on Agaricus bisporus compost was studied on the molecular level to explore the microbial role on the compost making.Specific results are as follows:The major results were summarized as follows:1 The physical and chemical properties of Agaricus bisporus compost in different fermentation stage and its correlation with yieldPh,EC,water content,Carbon and nitrogen ratio of the mushroom compost with the tunnel fermentation were controlled more reasonably and had a higher yield than traditional fermentation.In traditional fermentation,the yield is significantly positively correlated with pH value and total nitrogen,but significant negative correlation with total carbon and no significant relationship with EC value and water content.In tunnel fermentation,the yield is significantly positively with total nitrogen but significant negative correlation with total carbon and no significant correlation with the pH value,EC value,water content.2 The lignocellulose degradation of Agaricus bisporus compostThe degrading enzymes activity and amount of degradation of tunnel fermentation compost is higher than that with traditional fermentation,it showed that Organic material of tunnel fermentation compost broken down into much oligomers so that Agaricus bisporus can utilize them for growth.This finding was corresponded to the higher yield of tunnel fermentation compost.The scanning electron micrographs of tunnel fermentation compost in different stages showed the process of degradation intuitively to provide a scientific image data for fermentation quality control.3 The changes of microbial communities of Agaricus bisporus compost in different composting processThe variation of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes of compost in tunnel fermentation compost was similar with traditional fermentation,but the number of microorganisms in tunnel fermentation compost was higher than traditional fermentation.Bacterial continued growth and reproduction during composting to damage the external structure of lignocelluloses and release large amounts of heat which improved the compost fermentation temperature and promoted the process of fermentation.Fungus and actinomycetes used their mycelium to loose internal structure of lignocelluloses in the late fermentation,it also can secrete degrading enzymes,facilitate compost material degradation and transformation.The result showed that the quality of Agaricus bisporus compost in tunnel is better than that made with traditional way which has the higher microbial population,the degradation and yield of mushroom were higher correspondly.